Discussion on Problems and Countermeasures in the Implementation of Intelligent Building Engineering

Intelligent building is the product of the combination of computer and information processing technology and architectural art. With the emergence of high-tech science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for working and living environment. Comprehensive development and application of modern information services improve work efficiency and management. Level and improving the quality of life are the main characteristics of contemporary architecture. Intelligent building is a highly integrated multi-disciplinary and high-tech. China's intelligent building authority-China Intelligent Building Professional Committee defines "intelligent building" as: the intelligent building system uses a system integration method to organically combine intelligent computers, communication technology, information technology and architectural art, through the automatic Monitoring, management of information resources and information services to users and their optimal combination with buildings, the investment obtained is reasonable, suitable for the needs of the information society, and is safe, efficient, comfortable, convenient and flexible. In the past, smart buildings have emerged and developed rapidly in developed countries around the world. This change in automated management and information transmission has increased the original work efficiency by tens of times or even hundreds of times. At present, smart buildings are already widespread in Europe and America In China, the rapid development of the economy and the requirements of national economic informatization have promoted the rise and vigorous development of intelligent buildings. In recent years, some large-scale buildings with complete supporting facilities have been built according to the requirements of intelligent buildings.

With the rapid development of China's reform and opening up and economic construction, the rapid increase in international economic and trade exchanges and the development of the electronics industry and communication systems have caused great changes in human life styles. Intelligent buildings have entered people's lives and give people Create a comfortable, convenient, flexible and safe living environment.

1. Problems in project implementation

Intelligent building is still a new thing in China. Due to insufficient knowledge and research on it, the following problems still exist in the development, which affect the healthy development of intelligent building.

1. The developers and owners have insufficient knowledge about intelligent buildings, and the requirements for intelligent buildings are not clear and the planning is improper, so that the various subsystems cannot be integrated, and real intelligence cannot be achieved, resulting in waste of investment.

2. At present, many systems in intelligent buildings still do not have design codes, construction codes and engineering acceptance standards. Some current specifications also cannot adapt to the technical requirements of intelligent buildings, so that many intelligent building engineering projects are designed and constructed in an unstandardized manner without regulations and standards, resulting in unreasonable design schemes and unqualified construction quality. , The serious consequences of the unacceptable construction of the smart building and the failure of the smart building.

3. At present, many large design units in China do not have the design qualifications for intelligent building intelligent systems, lack the technical personnel for intelligent system design, and pay little attention to intelligent system design, leaving many design technical problems to integrators or construction units. , Resulting in unreasonable intelligent system design and low design quality (such as poor system integration, unreasonable configuration of monitoring points and information points, poor technical performance in equipment configuration, low control accuracy, and irregular integrated wiring, etc.).

4. Smart buildings lack a professional construction team. At present, many intelligent building intelligent system projects are undertaken by integrators. But a large number of integrators basically have little construction power except for a few technicians who do not understand project management and are only responsible for intelligent system debugging. After undertaking the project, the installation project was subcontracted (sub-contracted) to other units or groups for construction. As a result, the quality of the project was poor or even unqualified. There were many hidden quality problems in the project, which caused great losses to the developer or owner. At present, there are the following three aspects of the problem of the professional construction team of intelligent buildings:

A. The competent government department must improve the management system for the professional construction team of intelligent buildings, conduct industry management, establish a construction qualification approval and review system, and use the law to govern the chaotic situation of the construction team of intelligent and intelligent buildings.

B. Most large construction enterprises lack professional technical personnel for intelligent building intelligent systems and lack comprehensive construction capabilities for intelligent buildings.

C. Although the integrators of intelligent systems have very few intelligent system debugging system debugging technicians, most of these technicians lack understanding of project management, coupled with the lack of basic construction strength, it is difficult to undertake the construction of intelligent system projects.

5. The uncoordinated management and approval system, together with unreasonable regulations in some industries, make some systems set up separately, resulting in the imperfection of the overall function of the intelligent building and the inability to achieve overall intelligence.

6. The supporting products of intelligent buildings are mostly imported products. There are few competitive products in China, and some products have poor technical performance and poor integration, so that the systems cannot coordinate with each other and it is difficult to achieve the ideal intelligent effect.

7. The project implements a supervision system, but most domestic supervision companies lack professional supervisors for intelligent building intelligent system engineering, making it difficult to effectively control the quality of the project.

8. Although some regions have established "intelligent building associations" or "professional consulting organizations", it is difficult for the "associations" and "consulting organizations" to play a larger role because the government does not have a clear authority for the intelligent building industry.

9. Due to the lack of technical management personnel for intelligent building management in the owner or property management section, the equipment that has been put into operation is poorly managed and poorly maintained, which prevents the system from operating normally. The above-mentioned problems in the development of intelligent buildings are relatively common problems in the implementation of intelligent building projects.

2. Discussion on countermeasures for project implementation

In order to make smart buildings develop healthily and orderly in China, we should study corresponding countermeasures against the above problems, formulate practical management methods and systems, and put smart buildings into the orbit of rule of law and standardization. To this end, the author discusses how to implement standardized management in the implementation of intelligent building intelligent system engineering.

1. Government participation and guidance is the key to standardizing intelligent building management. The government should establish and improve the management system of intelligent buildings, and improve the qualification approval, review system and project planning, design plan approval system and project acceptance system of design units, construction units, system integrators, and engineering supervision units (professional consulting agencies). Coordinate relevant government departments and related industries in the unified management of smart buildings under the government. And formulate corresponding laws and regulations and management methods so that it has laws to follow and rules to follow.

2. Formulate and revise design standards, engineering evaluation standards and design and construction specifications in accordance with the classification and grading regulations on intelligent buildings promulgated by the state, so that the design, construction, supervision and engineering acceptance of intelligent buildings are well documented.

3. Organized by the government's competent construction department, establish an intelligent building technology training institution with the participation of relevant departments and industries to strengthen knowledge and technical education of intelligent buildings. After the training is passed, the training l | qualified post certificate is issued to expand the technical team for the design, construction, supervision and maintenance of intelligent buildings.

4. System integrators of intelligent buildings are an indispensable force in intelligent buildings. To standardize the management system of intelligent buildings, the government should conduct industry management on system integrators, supervise and inspect them, and legalize the integrators' business operations. , Standardized.

5. Establish an intelligent building technology and economic consulting agency with comprehensive strength approved by the competent government department.

6. Strengthening the standardized management of design work is the most important part of the implementation of intelligent building projects. According to the regulations of the Ministry of Construction, the main points of intelligent building intelligent system design work management are as follows:

A. The design of intelligent buildings is under the unified management of the State Council's construction administrative department. · The construction administrative departments of the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the relevant professional departments of the State Council are responsible for the specific work of building intelligence and system engineering design in their regions and departments.

B. The main contents of architectural intelligent system engineering design work are: the construction unit's requirements for intelligent system engineering construction, special consultation and feasibility study, system design and equipment selection, project engineering requirements, and deepening of system integrators Guide, coordinate and supervise the system design, and participate in the commissioning operation and acceptance of the system.

C. The engineering design of the intelligent building system shall be the overall responsibility of the engineering design unit of the building or group of buildings. In view of the advanced nature and complexity of the intelligent system, this type of engineering design work must be undertaken by a design unit with Class A design qualification or special design qualification. System integrators make deeper system design under the guidance of engineering design unit.

D. The system integrator must carry out the in-depth design of the professional system according to the data drawings provided by the engineering design unit. The in-depth system design must be optimized and debugged under the conditions of coordination with the design plan. After the system is in operation, provide property management personnel with training, false support and maintenance services.

The Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China has formulated working principles for the management of the intelligent system design work of intelligent buildings. Each region (especially a city with rapid development of intelligent buildings in Shenzhen) shall formulate a design work management system and method in accordance with the actual situation of the region Or detailed rules) to guide and supervise the design and management of intelligent building intelligent systems.

The optimal design of building intelligence is an important guarantee for the implementation of intelligent system engineering and an important measure to ensure the quality of the project. To optimize the design, the design unit must fully grasp the owner's business content, architectural intentions, architectural uses, scale, and local conditions, carefully study the reliability, functionality, safety, economy, and adaptability of expansion, and determine the basic design condition. Professional designers should obtain close contact and exchange the main issues considered in the design. Various mechanical equipment systems should be built with a network that is compatible with the type of information, the amount of information, and the degree of importance. While improving the efficiency of the entire system, be cautious Consider adaptability to mass and diversification of information.

7. The construction stage of the intelligent building is an important stage for the implementation of intelligent system engineering. The construction process will be coordinated and coordinated by multiple specialties, multiple types of work, and multiple construction units. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out optimized construction management at this stage to ensure project control quality and construction progress. To optimize construction management, we must first choose a construction unit with good reputation, high quality, and strong technical force to undertake the construction of the project, and use scientific construction methods to organize the construction. During the construction process, we must strictly follow the construction specifications and design and construction, and make the test and inspection work as the top priority. The project supervision unit shall strictly follow the construction specifications, design and supervision work procedures to do quality control of process quality control, intermediate acceptance and completion acceptance.

8. The bidding for design, equipment and construction of intelligent building intelligent system engineering is the most important measure to ensure that the design scheme is economical and reasonable, the equipment technical performance is good, and the project quality is excellent. Through design bidding, to compare multiple options, select the best option. Through equipment bidding, not only can choose the equipment with good technical performance, but also can choose the system integrator with strong technical strength and good service reputation. Through construction bidding, you can choose construction units with good reputation, quality, management and strong technical strength. Through the bidding for design, equipment and construction, the design, equipment (integrator) and construction are optimally combined to provide a reasonable design, advanced equipment and reliable guarantee for the implementation of the project.

The above is the author's discussion on the existing problems and corresponding countermeasures in the implementation of intelligent building projects. The countermeasures can be summarized by sixteen words "government guidance, perfect system, perfect system, and standardized management".