The "National Class B Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Science and Technology was formally established. Four Class A pilot projects were formally established for advanced nuclear fission energy, space science, research on stem cells and regenerative medicine, carbon revenue certification for addressing climate change, and related issues. On January 25th, Bai Chunli, executive deputy director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said at the 2011 work conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and during the “Innovation 2020†strategic lead technology project. Category A refers to forward-looking strategic science and technology projects, while Category B refers to the basic and cross-cutting directions. According to reports, the "Future Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy" project, one of the Class A pilot projects, consists of two components, the "Tarium-based molten salt (TMSR) nuclear energy system" and the "Accelerator-driven subcritical reactor (ADS) transmutation system." With the introduction of the former, we can already vaguely see the general outline of the future nuclear reactor system of China’s fourth-generation reactor. Concerns about nuclear fuel supply Nuclear power has the outstanding advantages of green, high-efficiency, low-carbon emission and scaleable production. At present, nuclear energy is being fully revived around the world - internationally known as the "nuclear Renaissance." According to statistics, as of October 2010, there were 441 reactors in operation worldwide, with a total installed capacity of 376.3 GW, providing about 16% of the world's electricity; nuclear power from 18 developed countries such as France and Switzerland exceeded domestic power supply by 20 %. The vigorous development of nuclear energy has become the focus of China's energy medium and long-term development plan. At present, China has 13 nuclear power units in service, with an installed capacity of 10.234 GW, accounting for approximately 1.5% of the country's total electricity generation. According to the National Development and Reform Commission's nuclear power development plan, by 2020, China will have more than 70 nuclear power units in service, accounting for more than 4% to 6% of the total installed capacity. It is estimated that by 2030, the proportion of nuclear power in China will reach about 10%; in 2050, it will probably exceed 400GW, which exceeds the total installed capacity of nuclear power in the world. However, the vast majority of reactors currently operating in the world are thermal reactors, ie, thermal neutrons initiate fission reactions. The main nuclear fuel consumed by heat reactors is Uranium 235. The reserves of uranium 235 in nature accounted for only 0.71%. The vast majority of the remaining uranium 235 accounted for 99.2%. Therefore, the rapid development of nuclear energy in China and the world is facing the severe challenge of the stable supply of nuclear fuel in the future. é’ is the best substitute The Ru-based molten salt reactor is one of the six candidate reactors for the nuclear reactor system of the fourth-generation reactor. It is aimed at the development of the nuclear energy industry in the next 20 to 30 years. Compared to the current mainstream nuclear power technology, the third-generation reactor, the fourth-generation reactor includes nuclear fuel processing technology, reactor technology, and nuclear waste processing technology, so it is called nuclear energy system. The fourth-generation nuclear energy system has a predetermined target of long-term stable supply of nuclear fuel, minimization of nuclear waste, intrinsic safety, physical nuclear proliferation, and economy. Both plutonium and uranium are nuclear fuel, but plutonium cannot be used directly. It needs to be converted into uranium 233 through nuclear reactions before use. It is called the plutonium uranium nuclear fuel cycle. The molten salt reactor (MSR) is the only liquid fuel reactor that melts natural nuclear fuel and convertible nuclear fuel in high-temperature fluoride salts. Fluoride salt acts as a coolant at the same time, carrying nuclear fuel circulating inside and outside the reactor. The basic characteristics of the molten salt reactor determine that it is best suited for the use of the helium-uranium nuclear fuel cycle. Molten salt reactors using the helium-uranium nuclear fuel cycle are called thorium-based molten salt reactors. The Yan-based molten salt reactor has the following five characteristics: The first is intrinsic safety. When the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt heap exceeds a predetermined value, the frozen plug at the bottom will automatically melt, and the molten salt carrying nuclear fuel will then flow into the emergency storage tank all the time, so that the nuclear reaction will be terminated. The molten salt reactor operates at normal pressure and is simple and safe to operate. The molten salt heap can also be built below 10 meters above the ground, which is conducive to preventing terrorist destruction and war attacks. The second is the long-term supply of nuclear fuel. For the estimation of reserves of land and mantle resources, Lu Yongxiang, dean of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that it is not optimistic to estimate that the reserve of plutonium is 3 to 4 times that of uranium resources, and if optimistically estimated, it may reach 5 to 8 times. China is a big country with vast resources. If we can use cesium for the production of nuclear energy, we can guarantee that China's energy supply will be no worries for the millennia. Lu Yongxiang, dean, also said: "Yan is a part of rare earth resources and is mixed with other resources. If it is not used, it may cause low levels of nuclear radiation." The third is the minimization of nuclear waste. Molten salt reactors can be used to add nuclear fuel and reaction products online and online (or off-line offline) separation and processing, so that nuclear fuel is fully burned, and the final discharged nuclear waste is very small, about the current one-thousandth. The fourth is physical proliferation prevention. The nuclear waste generated by traditional reactors contains a large number of nuclear fuel plutonium 239 that are easy to produce nuclear weapons. Therefore, there is a risk of the proliferation of nuclear weapons. The scientific community recognizes that the plutonium-uranium fuel cycle is not suitable for the production of weapon-grade nuclear fuel and can only be used to generate nuclear energy. The fifth is versatile and flexible. Small modular reactors and mixed energy sources are the development direction of future nuclear energy. Molten salt reactor is an ideal reactor type for small modular reactors, while molten salt reactors are also high temperature reactors, which are suitable for applications such as hydrogen production and other mixed energy sources. Therefore, a miniaturized, community-use nuclear energy system may emerge in the future. Tackling two or thirty years The research and development of the sulfhydryl-based molten salt nuclear power system will take 20 years or so. All technologies will reach the pilot level and possess all the intellectual property rights, and will eventually be industrialized. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has formulated a three-step development plan for 20 years: Starting from 2010 to 2015, it is necessary to establish a sound research platform system, learn and master existing technologies and carry out research on key scientific and technological issues. The project goal is to build a 2MW yttrium-based molten salt experimental reactor and reach a critical level at zero power level. During the period from 2016 to 2020, a pilot system for the rammium-based molten salt reactor will be built to fully resolve relevant scientific issues and technical problems and reach the international advanced level in this field. The project goal is to build a 10MW ramium-based molten salt reactor and reach criticality. . In the breakthrough period from 2020 to 2030, an industrial demonstration-based Yan-based molten salt reactor nuclear energy system will be built, and related scientific issues will be resolved. All relevant core technologies will be developed and mastered to realize the industrialization of small modular molten salt reactors; It is to build a demonstration 100MW silicon-base molten salt reactor nuclear energy system and reach criticality. Lu Yongxiang, the president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said: “It takes 30 years of continuous research and this special project can truly transform into scientific and technological achievements that may be industrialized and commercialized.†He emphasized that “I hope that in 20-25 years, companies can become The protagonist of the development of the molten salt nuclear energy system." 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China's nuclear power generation technology determine the main direction of the fourth generation reactor