Using ecological technology to control vegetable pests and diseases

The use of pesticides to control vegetable diseases is likely to cause phytotoxicity and pollution, and with the improvement of people's living standards and the awareness of agricultural products safety, the development of pollution-free vegetables has become a market demand. In this regard, it is very important to use ecological technology to control vegetable diseases and reduce pesticide residues in vegetables.
First, Qingyuan
After the harvest of the vegetables, many pathogens adhered to the vegetable residues and scattered in the field, entering the soil and becoming a source of pollution for the vegetables. Therefore, vegetable farmers should strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases in the later stage of vegetable growth, directly reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria, and completely remove the residual branches and leaves after harvesting each vegetable, and remove the roots from vegetables susceptible to root diseases.
Second, the rotation
Reasonable rotation not only improves the resilience of the crop itself, but also enables the pathogens hidden in the soil to reduce or lose the infectivity after a certain period of time. There are two types of vegetable rotations. One is the rotation between vegetables and vegetables. It is required to determine the gap time of the same kind of vegetables according to the time when the pathogens survive in the soil. The second is the rotation between vegetables and grain crops, such as vegetables and vegetables. The rotation between corn, cotton and wheat has a good effect.
Third, the onion
The rhizosphere of the onion can produce antibacterial microorganisms, which can inhibit the pathogens and prevent the occurrence of various vegetable diseases. By intercropping, mixing or mixing the green onions with vegetables, the growth of pathogenic bacteria can be effectively prevented, and the density of existing pathogenic bacteria in the soil can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of disinfecting the soil.
Fourth, change the soil
For some vegetable facilities that are relatively fixed, have small choices and large investment, and high efficiency, such as solar greenhouses, old soils can be used for new soils to control soil-borne diseases. Change the topsoil of the plough layer and replenish it with non-toxic topsoil.
Five, deep ploughing
The purpose of deep tillage destroys the living environment of the pathogen, and generally requires 40 cm of deep cultivation after each vegetable harvest, and kills some of the pathogens by natural conditions such as low temperature and ultraviolet rays.
Six, disinfection
In summer, change the gap, fill the water after deep tillage, cover with plastic film, and carry out high temperature disinfection. The maximum temperature of 10cm in the upper layer can reach 70°C, which can kill a lot of germs. This is a simple and effective control method.