High-quality knives aid the rapid development of aerospace

The special occasions of aerospace products use determine the special requirements of aerospace components for the materials used. Today, difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and high-temperature alloys have been widely used in the aerospace industry. The gradual application of new materials, new structures, and new technologies in the aerospace industry has resulted in more and more difficulty in the processing of aerospace parts, which in turn has caused heavy use of high-performance standard tools and special tools for the processing of aerospace parts. The tool can meet higher and higher processing requirements.

A large number of parts and components in the aerospace industry require carbide tools and ceramic tools. With the wide application of difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys in the aerospace industry, how to properly select and use cutting tools for efficient and high-quality machining has become a very important issue. Important industry topics. With the mutual promotion of workpiece materials, tool materials, and structures, the aerospace manufacturing industry can continue to develop. It can be said that the continuous development of cutting tools is the driving force for the continuous development of the aerospace manufacturing industry.

At present, the tool materials widely used in aerospace manufacturing are mainly in the following categories: tool steels (carbon tool steels, alloy tool steels, high-speed steels), hard alloys, ceramics, and super-hard tool materials. Among them, cemented carbide tools account for the largest proportion and are the dominant tool in aeronautical manufacturing. Their application range is quite extensive. Compared with hard alloys, ceramic materials have higher hardness, hot hardness and wear resistance, and chemical stability, oxidation resistance, etc. are all superior to hard alloys. Therefore, ceramic tools have become the development of cutting tools for the aerospace industry. A mainstream.

A technical staff member of Shenyang Liming Hangfa Group, when talking about the company's experience in using tools, said that in the processing of aerospace materials, slot machining and hole machining are processing difficulties. The requirements for machining tools such as engine disk parts, shaft parts and machine tools are very high. Therefore, the use of high-performance carbide standard tools and carbide non-standard tools is very large in the processing of such parts and components. . The technician believes that the following factors should be considered in the selection of the tool in the actual machining: the workpiece material, the shape of the workpiece, the processing requirements, the processing machine, the rigidity of the system, and the surface quality technical requirements.

Taking turbine rafts as an example, a large number of difficult-to-machine materials such as deformed high-temperature alloys and cast superalloys are analyzed from the workpiece materials. These difficult-to-machine materials have low thermal conductivity, high specific strength, high cutting temperature, and are susceptible to work hardening. The tool wears quickly, the tool life is short, and the tool consumption is large. Therefore, the tool geometry must be reasonably selected. From the point of view of the structure of the workpiece, the wall is thin and rigid, and it is difficult to machine. When machining the convex part of the part, the tool system is easy to interfere with the parts and fixtures. Therefore, the tool path must be optimized, such as plunge milling instead of side milling, empty stroke Quickly move the knife, optimize the position of the lifting knife, and use spiral interpolation to perform milling. From the analysis of the machining process, the machine boring needs roughing, semi-finishing, and finishing. In order to save tooling costs, when manufacturing such parts, high-performance ceramic milling cutters can be used for roughing, when semi-finishing and finishing. Using standard carbide tools and non-standard high-performance special tools, this can significantly improve production efficiency. From the aspects of processing economy, the tool configuration scheme needs continuous improvement, and the latest research and development products of tool makers are used as far as possible.

A technical staff of a research institute of the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation said that when selecting tools, they would prefer Walter's WSM35 and WSP45 blades when processing titanium alloys, high-temperature alloys, etc. The cutting speed of these two blades when milling the above materials can reach 70-150m/min; when processing difficult-to-cut material workpieces, Samco CVD coating grades of CP200 and uncoated material grades of 890 are preferred. Blades, these two types of blades are high-hardness ultra-fine particle grade tools for the high-temperature alloy finishing and titanium alloy processing, and also have a good effect on stainless steel finishing. In addition, they will use targeted tools such as Kennametal, Sandvik Coromant and Iscar to process difficult-to-machine materials such as superalloys, titanium alloys and FRP composites.

The processing of aerospace parts requires the close cooperation between tool suppliers and users. Nowadays, the development of domestic aerospace tools is similar to other industries. If there are processing problems that cannot be solved by existing tools on the market, especially the current aerospace field is highly sophisticated. In the processing of titanium alloys, aluminum-magnesium alloys, and other difficult-to-machine materials and composite materials encountered in product processing, tool suppliers and users are required to work closely together, and special tools are developed through common development and test cutting. At the same time, before the products are market-oriented, the tool manufacturers have undergone a large number of experiments and test cuts to ensure that they meet various requirements in the user's process.

Yang Wei, deputy secretary-general of the China Aerospace Tools Association, believes that the domestic tool companies can provide special tools that are based on actual needs of users. The technical content and product quality are not very high. The general-purpose tool products on the market are incomplete and The quality is not high, so the user is still using imported tools during the use. International famous brands such as Sandvik Coromant, Iscar, Kenner, Seco and Oshiji have offices in major cities in the country. It is convenient to purchase tools, and good after-sales service and product quality guarantee. It also makes its competitive advantage better than domestic companies. Under such a competitive environment, the Chinese aerospace and tool industry should exert its ability of independent innovation in order to realize the localization of cutting tools in the application enterprise.

A cutting tool engineer of Shenyang Liming Hangfa Group stated that the tool supplier should understand the user's real needs in detail and provide the most needed products according to the actual needs of the user. The tool supplier must also be able to do a good job of technical guidance, and provide detailed information on the tool, such as what kind of tool is suitable for processing what kind of material workpiece, at the same time, give the cutting tool the best cutting parameters. Specifically, the user hopes that the engineers assigned by the tool supplier must not only be familiar with the tools, material technologies and developments at home and abroad, but also be familiar with metal cutting technology, but also be familiar with the selection and application of machining technology, various types of general-purpose tools, and numerical control tools. Familiar with various types of CNC machine tools, can independently prepare machining technology and tooling solutions, enabling users to more quickly access the world's most advanced cutting tool technology, while at the same time allowing users to obtain more cost-effective tool products and excellent after-sales service.

The engineer also stated that the tool supplier should constantly understand the needs of users, not only to provide users with high-quality tools, but also to provide users with a feasible tool program, regular training, advanced cutting technology, high-end cutting concepts to the user Technicians. Improve the cutting technology of aerospace companies through effective integrated tool technology support. This will not only enable the tool industry to promote their own advanced tools, but also meet the needs of the aerospace industry's cutting technological advancement, and create a good atmosphere for the win-win situation of the aerospace manufacturing users and tool suppliers.