Falling, poisoning, swallowing foreign bodies... six types of child safety accident prevention measures

One, fall and fall

At 11:00 on March 19, 2018, Zigong Rongxian waterfront South Garden District, a 3-year-old children climb up the balcony, half hanging on the balcony outside, kept crying, "Mommy, Mommy!", But fortunately was around passerby Everyone in the building pulled down the quilt to rescue the child. When the child fell from the 5th floor, he was caught by the quilt. At present, children falling from the building have been taken to the hospital for further examination.

The younger the child is, the more likely it is that he or she will be injured by a fall. According to the survey, 57.4% of the 1-4 year-old survey population was dropped at home; the child is in a period of growth and development, cartilage is fragile, and once broken, it can easily cause fractures.

Fall and fall prevention measures

( 1 ) Parents should create a relatively safe family environment for children, and install protective devices on balconies, doors, windows, and stairs.

( 2 ) Parents should take care of their children when they go up and down the stairs.

( 3 ) Inadvertently allowing older children to take care of young children, it is necessary to ensure that children must be adults.

( 4 ) When the child is playing on a pulley or riding a bicycle, he should wear a helmet and knee protector. Parents should guide the child to concentrate on the game and pay attention to the surrounding environment. In particular, play with the swing and be careful not to swing too much.

In case of child accidental fall, parents should pay attention to the following points:

( 1 ) After a child is traumatized, parents should not panic and impatient. First of all, check the general condition of the child, such as breathing and heartbeat. At the same time, he must call for help and call an emergency number to have a professional emergency personnel on the scene.

( 2 ) If vomiting, cramps, drowsiness, etc. occur, parents should take their children to the hospital as soon as possible and do not hesitate.

( 3 ) If you suspect a neck injury, avoid the head of the injured person leaning back. Can use the jaw method, that is, the first aid is located in the child's head, with both hands 2-3 fingers were placed on both sides of the mandibular angle at the children, gently press the jaw up, open the airway.

( 4 ) If breathing and heart rate are normal, parents should primarily observe whether the child is hurting the elbow joint, knee joint, or stepping on the joint. If parents find that the child has local swelling and uncoordinated movements after the injury, and they do not touch or walk, they must be warned if the child has a fracture and should be promptly taken to the hospital for treatment.

Second, the electric shock

June 30, 2013, Zhuzhou a 3-year-old girl was pulling the plug wire fan, was electrocuted on the spot. According to experts, the person himself is an electrical body. When two fingers touch the socket, the current immediately forms a backflow, that is, a short-circuit device is formed, so it will be lethal. The safe voltage of the human body is within 36 volts, and over 36 volts will suffer different degrees of injury.

Electric shock prevention measures

( 1 ) All household appliances and electronic equipment should be returned to safe places immediately after use, such as electric irons, agitators, and hair dryers.

( 2 ) The electrical outlets available to all children should be equipped with an electrical outlet protection box.

( 3 ) In peacetime, children should be carefully educated not to play with electrical sockets, switches, wires, electrical appliances, and various electrical equipment. Educate children not to touch electrical appliances with wet hands and wet rags.

( 4 ) Regularly check whether the installation of various electrical appliances is in line with the standards, and whether electrical wires or electrical appliances are leaky; and timely repair the hidden dangers that are likely to cause electric shock, just in case; the wires must be protected by wires or use safety covers.

( 5 ) The kitchen is the room with the most electrical appliances in a family. There are many hidden dangers for children in this activity, so pay special attention. Use electrical appliances strictly in accordance with the instructions, the wire should be as short as possible.

( 6 ) The arrangement of the wires should be concealed and short, and the wires of the bedside lamps should not be too long. It is better to use wall lamps and reduce the use of wires.

Third, burns

The end of February 2018, Fushun a woman Mandy poured from a thermos cup of boiling water ready to give 1-year-old son, Tong Tong (a pseudonym) against the milk, turn it back on at the moment to get milk, Tong Tong even won a bottle, directly approaching 100 °C water drunk, suddenly burst into tears, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath and other symptoms. When Xiaomin saw this, he quickly picked up his son and sent him for medical treatment.

Burn prevention measures

After the child has suffered a burn, the parents must first allow the child to avoid the heat source and then perform emergency treatment according to the type of burns.

( 1 ) In the event of a child burns or burns, cooling treatment should be performed first. Because the heat that remains on clothes and skin does not disappear immediately, it will continue to deliver deeper damage to the skin.

( 2 ) Apply a bandage to the area of ​​the burn but do not tighten it too tightly to keep it clean and dry. If the burn area is large or begins to foam, the child should be taken to the hospital. Do not break the blisters so that the burn site can be protected.

( 3 ) Do not tear down the adhesions at the wound. Do not cover the wound with anything other than cold water.

( 4 ) To replenish the wounded children with water, they can be given fruit juice or water with a small amount of sugar and salt.

Fourth, poisoning

March 4, 2018, Gansu Lele 10-year-old girl has been misused clothing vomiting symptoms after drink dichlorvos, his family rushed to Xi'an Children's Hospital. Coincidentally, a pair of 4 -year-old twin sisters and sisters in Surabaya accidentally fed the family’s pesticide paraquat to his sister and was rushed to Xi’an Children’s Hospital for emergency treatment.

Poisoning precautions

Signs of potential poisoning of children include: dyspnea, dysphonia, dizziness, confusion, fever, convulsions, nausea, and vomiting. When you encounter poisoning your child must not panic, immediately call an emergency phone or rushed to the hospital, detailing the poisoning of the patient's condition, including the name of the poisoning material, formula, poisoning dose, poisoning time, the victim's age, weight and other details. If the child is swallowing a highly toxic substance or has already experienced a serious poisoning reaction, then it is necessary to carry out preliminary first aid at home, in order to speed up the emergency process, saving emergency time, family division calls for emergency calls, and implement first aid measures. The main first aid measures are divided into the following points:

( 1 ) If toxic substances come in contact with the skin, rinse immediately with soap and warm water for 10-30 minutes. If there is blistering or ulceration on the skin, seek medical attention immediately.

( 2 ) If toxic substances get into your eyes, flush your eyes with warm water for 10 minutes.

( 3 ) If toxic gases are inhaled, rapidly poisoned children should be taken to fresh air and breathe fresh air.

( 4 ) If the poisoning person has already stopped breathing or stopped his heart, he should implement CPR and call an emergency number immediately.

( 5 ) If the poisoned person has become confused and has trouble breathing, call an emergency telephone immediately.

V. Swallowing foreign objects

Children's swallowing of foreign objects during the Spring Festival has increased. There are a variety of foreign objects swallowed. Dealing with more than 20 cases of swallowing foreign bodies during the New Year alone! Coins, batteries, buttons, hairpins, plastic rods ... these things are taken out of the child's digestive tract. Doctors told reporters that during the winter and summer vacations, especially during the Spring Festival, high incidences of children's accidental swallowing of foreign bodies occurred. Foreign bodies that children swallow by mistake are generally hard and somewhat corrosive. These things are easily damaged in children's digestive tract. Some parents find that children will use some of the local methods for swallowing foreign bodies, such as eating stumps , drinking water, eating leeks and bananas to help digestion, but this is actually wrong. The doctor suggested that after discovering that a child had swallowed a foreign body, he would go to the hospital for the first time, and he would not give the child any food or water before attending the clinic so as not to cause more serious consequences.

Ingestion of foreign body precautions

Peanuts, seeds, and other nuts are "dangerous foods" for children under 3 years of age. When an accident occurs, the following measures should be taken:

( 1 ) Let the child lie down on the left (right) side and tilt his head back. If the foreign body is near the throat, you can use your fingers to reach the cavity to stimulate the tongue to induce vomiting. Do not move your fingers in the throat to avoid pushing the foreign body deeper.

( 2 ) Let the child kneel on the ambulance's knees, face down, support his chest, and press the back four times in the direction of the head's impact , so that the child can cough up foreign objects as much as possible, and do not pat back when the child is upright. So as not to shock the foreign body deeper into the trachea.

( 3 ) If the child is coughing, do not bother him. Because the cough is using the abdominal cavity and chest pressure to cough up foreign objects. If the foreign body does not cough up, try to expel the child's mouth foreign body.

( 4 ) If the foreign body is still stuck in the child's throat, the following measures should be taken: stand behind the child, hold him with both arms, fist in one hand, and place the thumb inward between the child's skeleton and xiphoid process. Press your fist with your other hand, pushing your rhythm upwards and inwards, forcing foreign objects to escape with the air. If you cannot remove the foreign body, send the child to the hospital immediately.

Six, animal bites

The survey found that 82% of children who were bitten by animals were caused by pet dogs. 60% of bites were not caused by children's provocations, and one third occurred when children played with pet dogs. 5% occurred. When feeding the dog. Ten percent of children who are bitten need hospitalization, and the other 90 percent require medical attention and rabies vaccination.

Animal bite prevention measures

( 1 ) Don't tamper with small animals such as cats and dogs.

( 2 ) Don't easily bring strange animals to home.

( 3 ) Don't eat meat from small animals that may have rabies because they may carry rabies virus in their bodies.

( 4 ) Take care to identify whether the small animal is healthy. The small animals suffering from rabies have a lot of habits and abnormalities. Their eyes are straight, their water is constant, and they like to bite people or other animals.

( 5 ) When dealing with people suffering from rabies, avoid contact with their saliva, blood, etc., especially when you and your partner's body are damaged. Items that have been contaminated by rabies patients should be promptly disinfected. In the event of an animal bite, the treatment is as follows:

( 6 ) If the wound is small, flush the wound thoroughly with tap water as quickly as possible, and squeeze the surrounding soft tissue hard to try to flush the blood and dog's saliva that was contaminated on the wound. After washing with alcohol or iodine repeatedly wipe disinfection, remember not to bandage, within 24 hours of bite injury to the nearest health institution injection of rabies vaccine.

( 7 ) For severe bite wounds, if the wound is bleeding too much, try to stop the bleeding immediately and then seek medical attention.

This article is edited and compiled by China Rescue Equipment Network. Please indicate the link.