How to plant pollution-free chestnut? High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques for pollution-free chestnut

High-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques for pollution-free chestnut:

1. Choose a good site and carefully

The pollution-free chestnut producing area should choose the production area with good ecological environment, water source and soil conditions, and no pollution source.

Location of the garden:

Chestnut trees are deep-rooted trees with well-developed roots (lateral roots). Therefore, it is advisable to select gneiss, granite, sandstone and shale areas with a soil thickness of not less than 50 cm, good drainage, low groundwater level and good soil aeration. It belongs to the neutral or acidic pH value of 5.5 to 7.2, the altitude is below 500 meters, the slope is below 25 degrees, the sun slope, the semi-sun slope, the low hills and the semi-shadow slope.

Site preparation:

There are two ways: one is the ditch-like soil preparation method: the groove width and depth are 80 cm each, and the groove and groove horizontal distance is 3 to 4 m. One is a hole-like preparation: the length, width and depth of the hole are not less than 100 cm, the horizontal distance of the hole is 2 to 3 meters, and the horizontal spacing is 3 to 4 meters.

2. Choose strong seedlings and colonization

Strong seedlings: Strong seedlings are the basis of high yield. Two-year-old seedlings are used. The seedling height is 1 meter, the stem is 1 cm, the main root is 30 cm long, 0.4 cm thick, and the lateral roots are not less than 5, and the seedlings are healthy and disease-free.

Colonization: The early winter or early spring of the lower camp can be planted, the spring planting is in early April; the autumn planting is in early November, and it is necessary to bury the soil to prevent cold. Plant spacing can be 2 × 3 meters or 3 × 4 meters, and 55 to 110 plants per acre can be planted.

Fungus grafting:

After the second year of planting, grafting began, and there are many grafting methods, mainly including splicing and skinning.

Choose high-quality chestnut varieties suitable for local production, early results, high yield, and strong market competitiveness, mainly including Kui Li, Xiao Feng, Zun Yu and other varieties. Two or three pollination varieties should be configured for grafting.

In the second year after grafting, the yield per mu can reach 5 to 15 kg, and after 3 years, the yield per mu will increase exponentially.

3. Plastic trimming

The tree shape of early fruit and early abundance should be the main branch evacuation layered shape or natural happy shape. Young trees are short in winter, picking hearts in summer, dredging dense branches, and opening angles. During the fruiting period, it is mainly pruned in winter, combined with winter and summer to ease the tree potential, balance the branches, adjust the light, update the mother branches, and eliminate the weak branches and ineffective branches without female flowers in summer.

4. Soil and fertilizer management

Applying base fertilizer before planting, mainly organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 kg / plant, early spring return to the green ditch application or point application of urea 0.05 to 0.1 kg / plant. Generally, boron fertilizer is applied once every 3 to 5 days in the rainy season, and the application amount is 0.05 to 0.15 kg/plant to prevent vacancies. The orchard is irrigated once in winter and spring to promote the differentiation and formation of the flower buds of the resulting mother branches.

5. Pest control

Chestnut is susceptible to blight, and it can be used to plan dead trees, diseased trees, and burnt spots. Before the germination, the chestnut red spider was sprayed and sprayed with a 3 to 5 degree stone sulphur mixture, and the blight was also treated. From June to August, the urinary urination was sprayed to prevent the peach aphid and the hibiscus.