What are the occupational hazards in battery production? What are the occupational hazards in brick and tile production? What occupational hazards do paint jobs What are the occupational hazards in cement production?
The main occupational hazards are lead smoke and lead dust. There is a large amount of lead fume in melting lead, burning shot and grid, and milling and milling (especially during discharging, loading and unloading and mixing) can lead to a large amount of lead dust, and coating, repairing and welding can also generate a large amount of lead dust. Lead smoke. The plate is formed by charging the dried lead plate into a sulphation tank with a specific gravity of 1.05 to 1.15 to charge sulfuric acid mist. Lead, casting, plate drying have high temperature and heat radiation.
The raw material of bricks and tiles is mainly clay. The content of silica in clay is 55.5-71.6%, followed by alumina, diiron trioxide and a small amount of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide. The basic process of tile production includes crushing, sieving, mixing, forming (blanking), drying, roasting (multi-round kilns for small brick and tile factories), and kiln extraction. High concentrations of silica-containing dust are generated during crushing, sieving, and stirring until roasting out of the kiln. The roasting and drying processes produce carbon monoxide, and there are high temperatures and heat radiation. The use of machinery for brick building and cutting bricks can produce strong noise.
The main occupational hazard of paint operations is the inhalation of organic solvent vapors. Various paints are composed of film-forming substances (various resins), solvents, pigments, desiccants, and additives. Ordinary paint usually uses gasoline as a solvent, epoxy iron red primer contains a small amount of xylene, impregnating paint mainly contains toluene, and a small amount of benzene. Spray paint (nitro-lacquer) and its diluent (banana water) contain a large amount of benzene, toluene, and xylene, and are painted under unprotected conditions. The concentration of benzene in the air at the workplace is quite high, which is extremely harmful to paint spraying workers.
The main occupational hazards in cement production are dust, and there are a lot of dust generated in the processes of crushing, grinding, sifting, batching, kiln extraction, and packaging. Generally, the free silica content in the raw meal is about 10%, the clinker is 1.7-9.0%, and the finished cement is 1.2-2.6%. Long-term inhalation of raw material dust can cause silicosis. Inhalation of burned clinker or cement dust can cause cement pneumoconiosis. When cement meets water or sweat, alkaline substances such as calcium hydroxide can be formed, which can cause dermatitis caused by the skin and cause conjunctivitis and keratitis in the eye. Raw material drying, shaft kiln calcination (145 °C) and other operating areas, high temperature, heat radiation. In addition, various levels of noise can be generated when various devices are in operation.
Occupational hazards of batteries, bricks, paints, and cement