Rice moist breeding technology

The rice moist breeding technology is a suitable breeding method for hand transplanting, which is suitable for breeding in different regions, rice planting seasons and different types of rice varieties. It is widely used in China. The technology is convenient to operate, widely used, and adaptable. The quality of the seedlings cultivated in the technical control is good and the yield is high.

1. Seesaw preparation. Choose leeward sunny, convenient irrigation and drainage, high fertility, paddy field with flat surface for the field, and the ratio of Putian to Honda is 1:8-10. About 10 days before planting, dry cultivation and slashing, smashing and smashing, ditching and smashing, the raft length is 10-12 meters, the raft width is 1.4-1.5 meters, the groove width is 0.25-0.30 meters, and the groove depth is 0.15 meters. The noodles meet the requirements of “the upper paste is loose, the ditch is deep, the fat grass is pure, and the hardness is moderate”. Combine with the soil preparation, apply 20 kg of compound fertilizer per acre of alfalfa, and mix the mud and fertilizer after application.

2. Seed treatment and soaking and germination. Choose to dry for 2 days before planting. Choose by air or salt water. Seed soaking with soaking seeds, strong chlorin, prochloraz, etc., soaking seeds for 2-3 days in early rice, 1-2 days in soaking in late rice, soaking seeds in hybrid japonica for 1 day, and soaking seeds in conventional japonica rice for 3 days. It can be up to 5 days when it is low. The germination is preheated with 35-40 °C warm water for 3-5 minutes, and then the grain is put into a bag or basket. The surrounding area can be sealed with agricultural film and disease-free straw. Generally, the warm water is poured every 3-4 hours. After the temperature is raised, the temperature is controlled at 35-38 ° C. If the temperature is too high, the temperature should be turned over. After the grain is exposed to white, the temperature is lowered to 25-30 ° C. The temperature is suitable for germination to promote the root, and the bud is long and half grain, and the root length is 1 grain. It’s ok. Before planting, the seed buds are spread and sown after 3-6 hours of germination at room temperature.

3. Precision seeding. Early rice was planted in the middle and late March. The sowing amount of early rice hybrid rice field is 20 kg/mu, and the conventional rice is 30 kg/mu; the single-season hybrid rice field is 7-10 kg/mu, the conventional rice is 10-12 kg/mu; the double-season late rice hybrid rice is sowing. The quantity is 10 kg/mu and the conventional rice is 20 kg/mu. When planting, the bud length is half length of the grain, and the root length is the same as the grain length. Sowing should be spread evenly. The amount of seed per unit area can be determined by the weight of the bud. When planting, first broadcast 70% of the buds, and then reproduce the remaining 30%. After the sowing, the trough is carried out. After the valley collapse, spray the herbicide to remove the weeds.

4. Film insulation. The early rice in the south generally adopts the method of insulating the plastic film with the arch cover, and can also be insulated by the non-woven fabric, and the arch frame with a height of 40-50 cm is set up with a bamboo raft, and then the film is covered, and the periphery of the film is pressed with mud to prevent the wind from blowing. open. Single-season rice and continuous cropping of late rice fields will be built to prevent the impact of bird damage and heavy rain on sowing, and the net will be removed after emergence.

5. Seedling management. The early rice is kept moist and has no water in the sulcus to enhance soil aeration. Before the emergence of the seedlings, before the film is uncovered, in principle, the water is not irrigated to promote hair roots. When uncovering the film, fill the shallow water, and keep the shallow water on the sputum. If it is cold, you can fill the deep water to protect the seedlings. Early rice sowing to Qi Miao below 35 ° C generally do not uncover the film, higher than 35 ° C, should be opened two ventilation cooling, Qi Miao to 2 leaves should start to cool the refining, sunny day 10 am to 3 pm to open the two, Keep the inside of the film at around 25 °C. Uncover the film in the morning, cover the film in the evening, and carry out the refining. At the time of film uncovering, 4-6 kg of urea and potassium chloride per acre of wheat are used as “weaning fertilizer” to ensure the demand for nutrients in the growth of seedlings, and urea and potassium chloride can be applied again before transplanting. -3 kg to do "give the fat fertilizer."

After the sowing of single-season rice and continuous cropping late rice, the water in the ditch is kept in the water in the 1st and 1st heart period, and there is water in the ditch to prevent "high temperature burning bud". 1 leaf 1 heart to 2 leaves 1 heart period still keep water in the ditch, noodles It does not crack and does not fill the water. If it is cracked, it will be filled with "running horse water". After the 3 leaf period, it will be filled with shallow water. Afterwards, shallow water will be used to promote tillering. In case of high temperature, it can be cooled at night. Late rice 1 leaf 1 heart stage pursuit of "weaning fertilizer" and 300ppm concentration of paclobutrazol per mu of liquid 75 kg spray once, 4-5 leaf stage 1 "relay fertilizer", 3-5 days before transplanting Fertilizer", the amount of fertilizer should not be too much each time, with 3-4 kg of urea and potassium chloride per mu.

6. Prevention and control of pests and diseases. After the valley is dumped, the herbicide is sprayed to kill the weeds, and the weeds should be removed in time during the seedlings. Early rice should be taken care of blight and rice blast, single-season rice and late rice to control rice blast and leaf-rolling insects, and timely control of pests and diseases such as seedlings and rice blasts. Before transplanting, 100 ml of water was applied to spray 45 kg of water to carry out transplanting with medicine.