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Life-threatening gas monitoring informationization guarantees coal mine safety (Part 2)
System maintenance, causing hidden dangers one day late
    On April 26, a gas explosion occurred in Kanghai Coal Mine, Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia. The reason was that the gas alarm and monitoring system broke down on April 10. Without timely maintenance, it caused a disaster. On May 5, a gas explosion occurred in Wanlong Coal Mine, Tuquan County, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia. The mine was originally equipped with a gas monitor, but the line was wrongly connected and was not connected to the power supply locking device. Although the gas exceeded the limit, an alarm was issued , But the power was not cut off, causing a gas explosion.
    Of course, the gas monitoring system is not built properly, so you can sit back and relax and need maintenance. Moreover, due to the relatively scattered mines, the complicated situation, and the need to improve the overall quality of the personnel, problems such as system construction will be more difficult than system maintenance. If no one maintains in time, hidden dangers may occur. Despite the establishment of a gas monitoring and control system in some coal mines, management cannot keep up, maintenance is not timely, and accidents still occur.
Method 1: Outsourcing maintenance. Do system maintenance, no one, no energy, what should I do? In fact, may wish to use outsourcing method, outsourcing non-main business to more professional IT enterprises. The Shahe Coal Industry Bureau outsourced the maintenance work of the coal mine safety monitoring and control system and the county and city-level monitoring rooms to Zhongke Network in early 2004. Zhongke Network is responsible for the generation of maintenance services for hardware equipment and software systems, so that the entire network With a reliable technical force to ensure operation. Zhongke promised to provide a 24-hour hotline service to the coal mine, and ensure that it will reach the fault location within 8 hours after the fault response; monthly inspection report of the coal mine monitoring system will be submitted to the supervision team. For the communication line, the supervisory brigade arranged a special person to be responsible for handling the line fault of Netcom. The work practice in the past two years has shown that the supervision team is in charge of the management, the government order is passed, the management is convenient, the efficiency is high, and the effect is good.
Applicable enterprises: Coal mine enterprises with complicated systems but no ability to maintain.
Difficulties: It is difficult to find the right partner, both with strength-technically and humanly, and at the right price.
Method 2: Train internal talents. Many coal companies are large in scale and their mining sites are very scattered, which is not suitable for maintaining liquidity at all. Therefore, self-reliance, training system maintenance personnel in each mine, low cost, timely response, and more reliable. Xishan Coal Mine is fully aware that for the successful promotion and application of information technology, it is necessary to train a group of compound talents who understand both safe production management and information technology. Xishan Coal Mine promotes and popularizes the knowledge of information technology to employees through TV, radio, corporate publications, training and other forms, so that the employees can understand the convenience of information technology to safety production, and enhance the employees' awareness of technological innovation. At the same time, Xishan Coal Mine incorporates computer information technology training into the employee training plan every year, and conducts training at the branch and mine levels, and as a large-scale system project, it insists on doing a solid job. In addition, after the establishment of the information network, it is also very important for the calibration of the probe, the protection of the signal, and the maintenance of the equipment. Otherwise, the system will fail and cause serious consequences. At present, the Xishan mines have set up special agencies, and the company has set up a monitoring and control information dispatch center, which has formulated more than 20 detailed management systems for the entire network operation.
Applicable enterprises: large coal enterprises with certain technical foundation and economic strength.
Difficulties: Training and education from scratch are very difficult, and we must have the correct method and step-by-step determination.
Method 3: The mechanism is the guarantee. It is more a method than a key. There is no mechanism, no enthusiasm is mobilized, all systems are furnishings, and ultimately can only be a waste. Shahe Coal Bureau has combined a modern management approach to establish a series of supporting mechanisms to achieve mutual management of people and machines, and to ensure the normal and efficient operation of the monitoring system. In terms of system formulation, the Shahe Coal Bureau has issued more than 10 systems and methods, such as "Regulations for the Operation and Management of Monitoring Systems" and "Post Responsibility System". If no probe is used on the working face, heavy penalties shall be given after discovery; the system monitors that the harmful gas in the downhole operation point exceeds the limit, and does not carry out on-site treatment or in a critical situation. In case of consequences, the relevant parties shall be held accountable according to law. In terms of organization and construction, the Shahe Coal Bureau has perfected the monitoring and dispatching agencies at the municipal and mine levels, and established a coal safety monitoring and dispatching center within the bureau to play a central role in monitoring and operation, and is responsible for monitoring and handling of abnormal conditions such as coal mine gas overruns. , 24 hours on duty and 24/7 monitoring. When the staff on duty in the center finds an abnormal situation, it will immediately notify the director in charge and ask the coal mine to find out the cause and eliminate the dangerous situation in the shortest time. If the situation is serious and the coal mine cannot handle it by itself, it will immediately dispatch an ambulance team to arrange the risk. Each mine has set up a monitoring room. The personnel on duty at each mine are directly responsible for the monitoring system of the coal mine. They must ensure the safe and normal operation of the system. If a system fails, they must be reported to the maintenance center for maintenance. Operation; 3 mines per mine are designated as full-time supervisors responsible for underground field management, effectively forming a horizontal to side and vertical to bottom monitoring network.
Applicable enterprises: This universal method is applicable to all enterprises, and is a necessary condition for gas monitoring.
Difficulties: Although it is difficult to formulate specifications, the more difficult thing is to resolutely implement and continuously improve.
Are you ready for emergency?
    Gas monitoring is a precautionary measure, but it does not mean that there will be no accidents. When the underground gas monitoring system alarms, the first thing a coal enterprise needs to do is to come up with an emergency plan, such as allowing underground employees to quickly evacuate, such as opening a spare vent, or even closing a roadway.
    The so-called gas monitoring is only a means and method, the ultimate purpose is to reduce the occurrence of accidents. In this ecological chain, once the gas is found to exceed the standard, emergency measures are the last step to truly avoid major losses.
    Of course, many of our coal companies have experienced many dangers and have many solutions to the emergency. Those solutions are either hidden in the minds of experienced people or written in certain safety production manuals. Once the danger occurs, these experienced people can quickly make judgments, even those with less experience can "according to the book" to order ready-made.
    As an important component of the gas monitoring system, the establishment of an emergency system is also a top priority. However, unlike the early warning system, it is not difficult to build the emergency system itself, and the accuracy and authenticity of the information in it are difficult. For example, those paper-based underground roadway maps can be used as electronic maps to guide decision makers to fully understand the underground conditions and make quick judgments; if the local methods and experience can be summarized and placed in the system, they can be learned and called at any time. Even if there is a gas exceeding standard problem, we have left ourselves the possibility to find the fastest solution to the problem and minimize the loss.
    In addition, the continuous update and supplement of information is also a big problem. New laneways should be added; each problem solution, as well as new experiences and lessons, need to be entered into the system. At this time, it is not only a matter of system IT construction, but also a reasonable system and personnel to ensure.
    In this sense, the emergency system is more like the BI we usually say. What is needed is data accumulation and data mining.
Interconnection, multi-channel ditch is really troublesome
    Interconnection is a new problem faced by coal mines. Many gas monitoring systems are launched online by enterprises or by counties and cities. However, it is a general trend to collect all data into a provincial-level safety production system, and it is even a requirement in many places. The system is different, the data format is not uniform, and the gaps one after another have brought countless troubles to realize the interconnection of the whole province and avoid information islands.
Method 1: Data conversion. This is also a relatively common method. That is, the data generated by the coal mine gas monitoring system does not match the system of the provincial bureau or sub-bureau. The data format is defined by the superior department first, and then the enterprises perform data conversion according to the requirements, and finally realize the data unification. In the past few years, a very influential coal group in Inner Mongolia has invested heavily in a very complete gas monitoring system in order to respond to national policies on production safety and to ensure the production safety of enterprises. After the system is completed, the application effect is very good, which has significantly reduced the number of production accidents. However, with the increased supervision of the coal industry, within a fixed period of time, the enterprise must upload relevant data monitored by the gas monitoring system to the branch. This makes the company face great difficulties-the company's system is not compatible with the higher-level regulatory authorities. The reason is because there is no industry standard for gas monitoring systems, and there is no unified system, so there is no unified file format. In the end, after careful analysis, the company made a data conversion system to convert the enterprise data into the format required by the superior regulatory department as needed, and solved the data uploading problem faced by the enterprise.
    Applicable enterprises: Enterprises that have perfect systems and good applications.
Difficulties: The workload of converting data is uncontrollable, and may even bring risks to the operation of the system.
Method 2: Rebuild. Those who are incompatible with their superiors have only two consequences: change or resignation. The same is true of IT systems. If the company itself is not doing well, or is just beginning, it may wish to push the system over again. Linfen Coal Industry Bureau has this situation. The construction of the bureau's coal mine safety information network started in March 2003. In just a few months, 201 mines have installed safety monitoring and control systems. Due to the large number of construction manufacturers, the types of equipment used in the city are extremely inconsistent, and there are often six or seven types in a county; the quality of installation projects is uneven, and many projects fail to meet the design requirements; the management level of each county is different, and the completion After the acceptance work was delayed, most of them could not run normally. These problems have caused great difficulties in future management. In order to quickly reverse this situation and ensure the healthy development of coal mine safety information network construction, in July 2003, Linfen City Coal Industry Bureau decided to rebuild the management system, implement a "unified management", and be fully responsible. The so-called unified management is first and foremost responsible for construction. Coal mine safety monitoring and control system, unified design standards by the supervision team, review equipment selection, unified data interface, unified completion acceptance; the three-level network project from mine to county to city is unifiedly entrusted by the supervision team to build the communication operator and handle the lines uniformly Rental business. The construction of the county-level monitoring and dispatching room and the city monitoring center shall be uniformly designed by the supervision team, unified bidding, unified construction, and unified completion acceptance. In just over three months of construction time, the city's monitoring and control system was unified.
Applicable enterprises: Unified management is suitable for enterprises with obvious intensification. Only by managing formal enterprises, it is possible to eliminate all difficulties and complete a task uniformly. In addition, funding is also an issue that must be considered.
Difficulties: The premise of rebuilding is to have money and ability. The most taboo is that the old one is overthrown, and the new one cannot be built.
Protect life with IT
    For many people, coal is an industry that is not much talked about-until recently, there have been frequent coal mine accidents and the sudden disappearance of live lives.
    The rectification and governance of the industry has always been the government's business. The government has solved the problems of norms and rules through administrative means, and the rest is the implementation of the enterprise.
    However, there are orders that will not work, and there will be prohibitions that are also common in the past. Therefore, government supervision has become the last link in the entire ecological chain. The accident in the small coal kiln is often due to security issues that have been sealed and the seals are taken out without authorization and then secretly mined. This is actually due to insufficient enforcement by certain government and industry regulatory authorities.
    The new regulations now issued require enterprises to complete the construction of gas monitoring systems by the end of the year. This is a huge workload for enterprises. For regulatory authorities, it is also a heavy workload to check and implement and correct errors. Moreover, the country and the people are staring at the actual effect of coal safety supervision, and it is impossible to fool.
    Of course, if only the old method is adopted, and people rely on their own consciousness, supervision cannot be in place. Therefore, just like the Audit Office using IT to assist in auditing, it may be the right way to use high-tech methods to supervise the safety production of coal enterprises.
    In this sense, supervising companies also have to think of their own ways of working, using IT to help themselves to supervise their businesses, and to make IT a weapon in their hands.
    For the coal industry, IT is a tool for serving the people and a tool for protecting lives.