Compound feed production process

(1) Flow chart of production process of compound feed (omitted)

(2) Receiving of raw materials

1. The receiving of bulk raw materials is transported by bulk cars and trains. After the dump trucks are weighed by the weighbridge, the raw materials are discharged to the unloading pit.

2, the receipt of packaging materials: divided into manual handling and mechanical receiving two.

3, the receipt of liquid raw materials: bottled, armored can be directly moved into the warehouse by hand.

(3) Storage of raw materials

There are many raw materials and materials in the feed, and various types of silos must be used. The silos of the feed mills have two kinds of silos and room silos.

The main raw materials such as corn, high grain and other cereal raw materials have good fluidity, are not easy to agglomerate, and are mostly stored in silos, while the auxiliary materials such as bran, soybean meal and other powdery raw materials have poor scattering properties and are easy to agglomerate after storage for a period of time. Discharge, using room storage.

(4) Cleaning of raw materials

The impurities in the feed ingredients not only affect the quality of the feed products, but also directly affect the feed processing equipment and personal safety. In severe cases, the entire equipment may be damaged, affecting the smooth progress of feed production, so it should be removed in time.

The cleaning equipment of the feed mill is mainly based on screening and magnetic separation equipment. The screening equipment removes large and long debris such as stones, mud, and sacks in the raw materials, and the magnetic separation equipment mainly removes iron impurities.

(5), the crushing of raw materials

The process of feed comminution is based on the required particle size, feed variety and other conditions.

According to the number of times of raw material pulverization, it can be divided into a primary pulverization process, a cyclic pulverization process

According to the combination of the batching process, it can be divided into the first batching and the pulverizing process and the first pulverizing and batching process.

1, a crushing process:

It is the simplest, most commonly used and most primitive kind of crushing process. Whether it is a single raw material or a mixed raw material, it can be crushed once. According to the number of crushers used, it can be divided into single crushing and parallel crushing, small feed processing plant. Most of them use single machine crushing. Medium-sized feed processing plants use two or more crushers in parallel. The disadvantages are uneven particle size and high power consumption.

2, secondary pulverization process

There are three process forms, namely a single cycle pulverization process, a stage pulverization process, and a tissue pulverization process.

(1) Single cycle secondary pulverization process

The material was pulverized by a pulverizer, sieved, and the sifted material was returned to the original pulverizer for further pulverization.

(2) Stage secondary pulverization process

The basic setting of the process is to use two different smashing machines, and each of the two pulverizers is provided with a grading sieve, and the materials are first sieved through the first sieve, and the sieves complying with the granularity requirements are directly subjected to the mixer, and the sieve is directly sieved. The material enters the first pulverizer, and the pulverized material is then passed into a grading sieve for sieving. The materials meeting the particle size requirements enter the mixer, and the remaining sieve materials are pulverized into the second pulverizer, and then pulverized and then enter the mixer.

(3) Combined secondary pulverization process

The process uses different types of pulverizers in two pulverizations. The first use of a pair of roller pulverizers, after sieving through sieves, the sifted objects enter the mixer, and the sieves enter the hammer pulverizer. Secondary pulverization.

3, the first batch after the crushing process

According to the design of the feed formula, the ingredients are first mixed and mixed, and then entered into the pulverizer for pulverization.

4, the first pulverization and batching process

The process first pulverizes the powder to be separately fed into the batching bin, and then mixes and mixes.

(6), batching process

At present, the commonly used processes include manual addition of ingredients, volumetric ingredients, one-in-one-scale batching ingredients, multi-storage scales, multi-storage and one-scale ingredients.

1, manually add ingredients

Manual control of the addition of ingredients is used in small feed processing plants and feed processing plants. This batching process is to manually weigh the various components of the ingredients, and then manually weigh the weighed materials into the mixer. Because all manual measurement, manual ingredients, and process are extremely simple, equipment investment is small, product cost is reduced, measurement is flexible and accurate, but manual operation environment is poor, labor intensity is high, labor productivity is low, especially for operators. After the time, it is easy to make mistakes.

2, volumetric ingredients

One volumetric batcher is placed under each batching bin

3, one warehouse and one scale ingredients

4, multiple warehouse one scale ingredients

5, multiple warehouse number scale ingredients

The metered materials are grouped according to their physical characteristics or weighing ranges, and each group is equipped with a corresponding metering device.

(7), mixing process

Can be divided into batch mixing and continuous mixing

Batch mixing is to mix the various mixed components according to the proportion of the formula, and send them to the “batch mixer” which works periodically. The mixing method is convenient, and each batch is convenient. There is less intermixing between them, which is a mixed process that is commonly used at present, and the opening and closing operations are relatively frequent, so most of them adopt automatic program control.

The continuous mixing process continuously measures various feed components simultaneously and proportionally synthesizes a stream containing various components. When the stream enters the continuous mixer, it is continuously mixed to form a uniform product. The flow, the advantage of this process is that it can be carried out continuously, and it is easy to be connected with the continuous operation such as pulverization and granulation, and does not need to be frequently operated during production, but the flow rate adjustment is troublesome and continuous in the case of changing the formula. There are more material residues in the conveying and continuous mixing equipment, so the problem of mutual mixing between the two batches of feed is more serious.

(8), granulation process

1. Quenching and tempering: Quenching and tempering is the most important part of the granulation process. The quality of the quenching and tempering directly determines the quality of the pellet feed. The purpose of quenching and tempering is to adjust the dry powder to a powdery feed with certain moisture and certain humidity to facilitate granulation. At present, China's feed mills complete the quenching and tempering process by adding steam.

2, granulation:

(1) Ring mold granulation:

The material with uniform quenching and tempering is firstly removed by the security magnet, and then evenly distributed between the press mixing and the pressing mold, so that the material enters the pressing zone from the pressing zone of the feeding zone, and is squeezed into the die hole by the pressing roller continuously. The columnar feed is formed, and as the stamper rotates, the cutter fixed to the outside of the stamper is cut into a pellet-like feed.

(2) Flat mold granulation

The mixed material enters the granulation system, and the rotary distributor located at the upper part of the granulation system evenly spreads the material on the surface of the die, and then presses the material into the die hole by the rotary press mixing and presses it out from the bottom. The rod-shaped feed coming out is cut into the required length by a cutting roll.

3, cooling

During the granulation process, a large amount of heat is generated by the introduction of high-temperature, high-humidity steam while the material is extruded, so that when the pellet feed is just discharged from the granulator, the water content is 16%-18%, and the temperature is as high as 75 °C -85. °C, under these conditions, the pellet feed is easily deformed and broken, and it will also cause bonding and mildew during storage. It must be reduced to below 14% and the temperature is lowered to 8 °C below the temperature, which requires cooling. .

4, broken

In order to save electricity, increase production, and improve quality in the production process of the particle machine, the material is first made into pellets of a certain size, and then crushed into qualified products by the crusher according to the particle size of the livestock and poultry.

5, screening:

After the pellet feed is processed by the pulverization process, a part of the powder clot and other materials which do not meet the requirements are generated, so that the crushed pellet feed needs to be sieved into a product with uniform granules and uniform size.