Vegetable garden soil rapid fertilization technology

    Cultivating vegetable garden soil is a process of intensive cultivation and intensive management, which is generally a method of cultivation while using.

 

(1) Building a garden. It is necessary to choose a land with flat terrain, sufficient sunshine, good water supply and convenient transportation. For low-lying areas, we must pay attention to improving the drainage conditions of farmland and open drainage ditch to prevent damage.

 

(2) Changing the soil. According to the different soil textures, the soil modification method is used to improve the soil. For soil that is too viscous, properly incorporate sand. Improved materials such as garbage and river mud; while the sand is rich in fertilizer and water retention, it is necessary to use clay to carry out the soil to improve the soil quality.

 

(3) Improve soil organic matter content. A large amount of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied and supplemented with chemical fertilizer. The amount of organic fertilizer is 5000-10000Kg per mu , and it is repeatedly ploughed after being applied evenly, and thoroughly mixed with the soil. In places where conditions permit, short-term green manure can be interplanted, such as scorpions and scorpions, which increase the organic matter of the soil, improve the agglomerate structure of the soil, and at the same time, through the activities and decomposition of microorganisms, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the organic matter can be transformed from the organic state. It can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops to improve the soil fertility.

 

(4) Expanding the matured soil layer. The farmland soil is shallow, usually about 15cm , and there is a tight plow floor. After being converted into a vegetable garden, the method of gradual deep tillage can be used to deepen the tillage. After deep tillage, the soil cultivation layer is 20-25cm , and the mature soil layer is 30-50cm , forming a thick loose soil layer, expanding the root absorption surface, and fully supplying nutrients and moisture for a long time.

 

(5) Application of chemical fertilizers. Vegetables absorb more nutrients than field crops. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the absorption of calcium and magnesium is also more. For example, the amount of nitrogen uptake ( N ) in vegetables is about 40 % higher than that of wheat , the amount of phosphorus ( P ) is 20 % higher, the amount of potassium absorbed (K ) is 2 times higher, and the amount of calcium absorbed (Ca) is 4 times higher. The amount of Mg is 50 % higher. Therefore, after Daejeon is converted into a vegetable garden, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be increased. According to the different types of vegetables, the application of nitrogen, fertilizer should be avoided. In soils with insufficient nutrient supply of calcium and magnesium, it is necessary to apply calcium and magnesium fertilizers or to select fertilizers containing calcium and magnesium. Such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, superphosphate, potassium magnesium sulfate, boron magnesium fertilizer and so on.

 

(6) Cultivation management. The newly-renovated vegetable garden soil should first be planted with vegetables and peas, onions, and Chinese cabbage that require relatively low fertilizer and water conditions. After planting for a period of time, the degree of soil heating is improved. After the improvement of water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions, it is easier to obtain high yield and stable yield by planting vegetables such as tomatoes and cucumbers that require higher soil fertility.