The white masterbatch is widely used in injection molding, blow molding, and drawing. It has bright color, bright color, high color strength, good dispersibility, high concentration, good whiteness, strong hiding power, good migration resistance and heat resistance. , casting, extrusion, blown film, foaming, sheet, pipe, pumping, hollow, EVA, blowing, sheet, household appliances, toys, packaging materials, wires and cables, plastic bags, automobiles, building materials, Sports and leisure products, packaging bags, packaging bottles and other plastic products industry. Xiaobian compiled an article to introduce the white masterbatch and exchanged ideas with friends in the industry. Main technical indicators of white masterbatch 1. Resistance to migration (level) [≥4] 2. Moisture content (%) [≤0.30]8, total color difference [≤1.50] 3. Melting temperature (oC) [125 ~ 200] 4, white masterbatch dispersibility: [colorless dots, stripes] 5, light fastness (grade) [5-8] 6, white masterbatch looks grainy, uniform particles, consistent color 7, heat resistance (grade) [≥ 4] In theory, the quality of the white masterbatch that meets the above specifications is good. 10 aspects to consider when purchasing white masterbatch 1, whiteness The whiteness of the white masterbatch is mainly represented by the titanium dioxide in the color masterbatch, and there are many factors affecting the whiteness of the titanium dioxide, including the size, shape and particle size distribution of the titanium dioxide particles, the type and content of the impurities, and the lattice of the titanium dioxide particles. Defects. In general, the chlorination method titanium white powder whiteness is better than the sulfuric acid method because the purity of the raw material titanium dioxide is high and the impurities are small during the preparation process. In the real white mother market, many white masterbatch producers pretend to be titanium dioxide by adding equal ash content of calcium carbonate, barium sulfate and zinc sulfide. In fact, the whiteness of these inorganic powders is incomparable with titanium dioxide. . 2, hiding power The hiding power is also an important indicator of white masterbatch. The good hiding power means that the pigment has strong tinting strength, and the desired effect can be obtained with a small addition amount. The hiding power of the white masterbatch depends on the choice of titanium dioxide. Compared with the processing technology, rutile titanium dioxide has an smaller and tighter unit lattice and a larger refractive index than the anatase titanium dioxide, so the hiding power and ultraviolet light resistance are obviously superior to anatase. For the same type of rutile titanium dioxide white masterbatch, the titanium dioxide has a small particle size and a narrow particle size distribution. The opacity of the dispersion in the masterbatch is significantly wider than that of the titanium dioxide, and the dispersion is poor in the masterbatch. it is good. Similarly, the opacity of common calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and zinc sulfide is also incomparable with titanium dioxide. Table 1 Refractive index of different substances From the above refractive index comparison, it is known that the rutile titanium white powder and the carrier PE resin have the largest difference in refractive index, the dispersion effect is the best, and the hiding power is the strongest coloring power. 3. Dispersibility Dispersibility has an important influence on the application of titanium dioxide in plastics. Generally, the finer the titanium dioxide particles, the better the dispersion, the higher the color strength, and the white mother with excellent dispersibility when the film needs fine printing. The grain pattern clarity, layering, and vividness are better because the microscopic smoothness of the base film is one of the determinants of the quality of the printed pattern. 4, moisture content The moisture content in the white masterbatch also plays an important role in the performance of the masterbatch. Generally, the moisture content should be controlled below 1500ppm, and the strict requirement should be below 600ppm. In the injection molding process, the raw materials are generally dried before production. In the film production, the customer buys it directly after premixing with the carrier. If the moisture content of the masterbatch is high, it will directly lead to membrane rupture, and some small bubbles will form on the film, "crystal point". Such defects, and the reason for the high moisture content of the white masterbatch, have an influence on the raw materials selected from the masterbatch to the process. 5, smell Some film manufacturers will smell a strange smell after using the white masterbatch, which is absolutely not allowed in the milk film and the film in contact with food. This is mainly because the titanium dioxide in the masterbatch is organic. During the treatment, the coating aids selected are not suitable or the addition amount is too large, or the dispersant selected in the production process of the master batch is problematic, and the white masterbatch grade can be replaced. 6, hue selection Rutile titanium dioxide has a low reflectance in the violet region, so the rutile titanium dioxide has a "yellowish" hue, and the "yellowish" hue gives the colored product a "sand" feel and makes the fine printed image bright. Degree and layering are degraded, which is unpopular among many white masterbatch users. However, after adding a small amount of fluorescent whitening agent to titanium dioxide, it can absorb ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 300-400 nm and convert it into a wavelength of 400. -500nm blue fluorescence, so that the white masterbatch can be "blue phase", white masterbatch users are considering according to their own needs. 7. Liquidity The fluidity of the white masterbatch can be expressed as the melt index (MI), the value is low, the flow is good, the flow is good, the machineability is low, the power consumption is low, and the user chooses the white masterbatch. In addition to the good fluidity of the masterbatch, it is also necessary to note that the masterbatch is suitable for the carrier resin in the factory product. The general principle is that the MI of the masterbatch is higher than that of the carrier resin. 8, printing heat sealing performance White film products require printing and heat sealing in most cases. If the addition of calcium carbonate in the white masterbatch affects the sharpness and vividness of the printed pattern, the incorrect or excessive dispersing agent added to the masterbatch will also affect the heat sealing and Printing performance. 9, light fastness and weather resistance White masterbatch generally requires 7-8 grades of light fastness, 4-5 of weather resistance, and 280 degrees of temperature resistance. These requirements mainly depend on the quality of titanium dioxide. To achieve the above conditions, it must be rutile titanium dioxide. . 10. RoHS & FDA Heavy metal testing and food contact permits are also an important indicator of white masterbatch, as many white films are used in food packaging and are subject to FDA food certification. Precautions when using white masterbatch 1. In order to reduce the color difference of the fiber after color matching, the white masterbatch should be diluted to control the mixing ratio, the filament is not less than 3% to 10%, the staple fiber is not less than 1% to 3%, and the monochromatic expanded continuous filament Spinning with three-color equipment, the white masterbatch must be fed into the extruder after mixing, and a mixing device can be added to the extruder section to increase the mixing capacity of the melt itself. 2, white masterbatch mixing method After the color yarn color formula is determined, the white masterbatch is evenly dispersed in the polypropylene slice before spinning, which is the key to ensure the quality of the product. There are two specific mixing methods. One is the heavy method and the volume method. After the white masterbatch is melted in the extruder or in the rear part, it is injected into the polypropylene melt by a small extruder, and the uniformity is good. 3. When selecting white masterbatch, it should be selected according to the selection range. The polypropylene masterbatch has fine denier grade and coarse denier grade. The coarse denier white masterbatch color can not be used for fine denier color matching. For the monofilament denier of the fiber, choose the same level of white masterbatch. 4. The white masterbatch selected is preferably the same manufacturer's product. In order to reduce the cost, high-concentration white masterbatch should be used. The pigment of the white masterbatch has high, medium and low grades. When matching the color, the white masterbatch of different grades should be properly selected according to the quality requirements of the fiber. In order to avoid the variation of the quality of the finished fiber due to the difference in pigment light and thermal stability, the color of the white masterbatch with the same light and heat stability level should be selected in accordance with the fiber quality.
Steel Structures can be used in many industries such as foundation reinforce, electric power transmission structures and tubular scaffolding, etc.
A flange can also be a plate or ring to form a rim at the end of a pipe when fastened to the pipe. A blind flange is a plate for covering or closing the end of a pipe. A flange joint is a connection of pipes, where the connecting pieces have flanges by which the parts are bolted together.
Although the word flange generally refers to the actual raised rim or lip of a fitting, many flanged plumbing fittings are themselves known as 'flanges':
There are many different flange standards to be found worldwide. To allow easy functionality and interchangeability, these are designed to have standardised dimensions. Common world standards include ASA/ASME (USA), PN/DIN (European), BS10 (British/Australian), and JIS/KS (Japanese/Korean). In the USA, ANSI stopped publishing B16.5 in 1996, and the standard is ASME B16.5
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10 aspects to consider when purchasing white masterbatch
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