A large amount of renewable resources are mixed into the garbage system to reduce waste

The amount of municipal solid waste generated is increasing day by day. However, the recycling power of renewable resources, which is mainly composed of individual recyclers, is shrinking. A large amount of renewable resources are mixed into the garbage system, making it difficult to reduce and recycle waste. According to industry data, beverage packaging, as a typical low value-added waste, accounts for 30% to 40% of the total municipal waste. At present, in order to improve the recycling rate of renewable resources, some developed countries have realized the socialization and recycling of beverage bottles by means of deposits. How will China re-create a safe recycling system for renewable resources, and enterprises, governments and consumers will also explore together.

Drink bottles account for more than 30% of urban household waste.

Scavenging army is not enthusiastic about recycling waste plastics

The weather is getting colder, and Zhang Shifu, who recycles waste products in Xicheng District, receives fewer and fewer beverage bottles. "In the past few months, I received 10 plastic bottles, and now I can only receive 5 bags a day." He said that in recent years, the price of waste plastic bottles has been kept at a low level. This year, the recycling price of 600 ml plastic bottles is Approximately 5 cents. “But plastic bottles are the most valuable in waste plastics. Other plastic products are cheaper and have not been collected.”

It is understood that the recycling of plastic beverage bottles mainly have two major uses, one is to make food-grade granules, which can be used to make beverage bottles again, thereby saving petroleum raw materials; another use is for the chemical fiber industry. For a long time, due to the lack of garbage classification awareness, many beverage bottles have been obtained by scavengers turning over the trash cans. Most of the recycled beverage bottles are contaminated by garbage and cannot be directly regenerated into beverage bottles. At the same time, the flow of these waste beverage bottles is also uncontrollable. Many waste beverage bottles enter the non-standard small workshops, causing pollution to the environment during the process of pulverization and industrial alkali cleaning, and are processed into unsafe plastic products.

It is learned that due to the establishment of a sound safety recovery system in China, the recycling amount of waste plastics is difficult to match the demand of plastic products. Domestic enterprises have long relied on imported waste plastics for processing and production. However, with the environmental storm, in August this year, the new version of the "Import Waste Management Catalogue" issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, waste plastics entered the "banned list", which includes widespread use in packaging carbonated drinks, drinking water, juice Wait for the drink bottle. This policy will be implemented before the end of the year.

With the tightening of waste plastics imports, the industry predicts that domestic plastic products will usher in rising prices, so a standardized safety recycling system needs to be established.

The deposit system allows the beverage packaging recycling rate to exceed 90%

At a garbage transfer station in Nancheng, Beijing, nearly 3 tons of recyclables are sorted out by garbage every day, and more than 90% of them are beverage bottles. The common people are reluctant to collect waste plastic bottles. The interest of scavengers and plastic bottles is reduced. Producers and retailers do not care about waste plastic bottles. The recycling and recycling of waste plastic bottles is facing a severe test.

In order to solve the problem of recycling beverage packaging, many developed countries adopt a producer responsibility extension system, which stipulates that producers should bear the responsibility for recycling, recycling and final disposal after the products are used. Retailers and consumers should also deal with sales and consumption. Resources to fulfill the responsibility of safe recycling.

In German supermarkets, many beverage bottle labels have a 0.25 euro mark on the label, which means that when the consumer buys the bottle, a deposit of 0.25 euro will be paid for the bottle, when the consumer drinks the drink, When the empty bottle returns to the mall, the empty bottle will be thrown into the automatic recycling machine of the shopping mall, or returned to the designated manual recycling point, and the small ticket with the recovered amount will be obtained, and the customer can get the refund by the small ticket to the cashier. A deposit of 0.25 Euro or use for the next purchase.

According to the German Packaging Regulations, packaging waste must guarantee a certain recycling rate. If the production company does not take measures to recycle the product packaging, these products cannot be sold in the German market. The implementation of the deposit system has greatly improved the recovery rate of beverage bottles. The data shows that the recovery rate of German cans, glass bottles and beverage bottles reached 98.5%. Correspondingly, the volume of domestic waste in Germany decreased by 40% to 50%.

According to the data, since 2003, more than 40 countries and regions have gradually implemented the deposit system for beverage packaging. Under the impetus, the recycling rate of beverage standard packaging in most implementing countries can reach more than 90%.

Domestic companies explore efficient recycling of beverage bottles

The reporter learned that there are also recycling companies in China that are exploring the bottle deposit system. From May to August last year, Beijing Yingchuang Recycling Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. built a smart convenience safe recycling demonstration station and a pilot beverage bottle deposit system in Beijing Wumei’s flagship store.

In the Wumei supermarket, the mineral water bottle that participated in the pilot was labeled with a virtual deposit. After the consumer purchased the mineral water and drank it, the empty bottle was put into the automatic recycling machine at the entrance of the supermarket, and the deposit was refunded. The recycling price of the plastic bottle printed with the virtual deposit system is 0.2 yuan, which is higher than the ordinary beverage bottle recycling price. Liu Xueyu, executive deputy general manager of Yingchuang Recycling, said that according to statistics, the recovery rate of beverage bottles participating in the deposit system pilot program is above 70%. “The deposit system was not specifically promoted during the pilot process. If it is fully popularized, the recovery rate will be even higher.”

Liu Xueyu said that from the effect of the implementation of the deposit system in other countries, the deposit system is an effective means to implement waste sorting. Consumers will be more proactive in classifying renewable resources and reducing the amount of domestic waste generated from the source. “Even if consumers don’t care about deposits, scavengers will actively collect empty bottles and send them to a safe recycling point in exchange for a higher return than selling scrap,” she said.

At present, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Kunming, Xiamen, Hainan, Qinghai and other provinces and cities are studying and demonstrating the standard deposit system for beverages.

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