The state has introduced a series of laws and regulations to constrain the road transport industry. A ball check valve is a check valve in which the closing member, the movable part to block the flow, is a spherical ball. In some ball check Valves, the ball is spring-loaded to help keep it shut. For those designs without a spring, reverse flow is required to move the ball toward the seat and create a seal. The interior surface of the main seats of ball check valves are more or less conically-tapered to guide the ball into the seat and form a positive seal when stopping reverse flow. Check Valves, Water Check Valves, Brass Check Valves, Sanitary Check Valves ZHEJIANG KINGSIR VALVE CO., LTD. , https://www.kingsirvalves.com
Chapter I General Provisions
The first one is to strengthen the management of the road transport industry, protect legitimate operations, protect the legitimate rights and interests of shippers and passengers, maintain the order of transportation, promote the development of road transport, realize the smooth flow of goods, facilitate people, and improve social benefits. Regulations.
Article 2 All road passenger and cargo transportation, transportation and loading, automobile maintenance and transportation services (hereinafter referred to as road transportation) are within the scope of road transportation industry management.
Article 3 All units and individuals engaged in road transport must abide by relevant national laws, decrees, regulations and road transport rules issued by the competent transportation department.
Article 4 Under the guidance of the State Plan, road transport shall adopt a policy of operating in various regions, industries and departments. Adhere to the coordinated development of various economic forms of state-owned, collective and individual. Protect legitimate competition.
Article 5 Road transportation is divided into two types: commercial and non-commercial. Business transportation refers to road transportation that provides labor services for the society and various types of expenses settlement; non-commercial movement refers to road transportation for the production and living services of the unit and no settlement of expenses.
Article 6 The competent departments of transportation at all levels are the administrative organs in charge of road transport at all levels of the people's governments, and are responsible for the implementation of these Regulations.
Chapter II Administration of Opening and Closing of Business Article 7 Units and individuals applying for business road transport and transportation services (including joint households, the same below) must perform the following procedures before they can start business:
1. Hold the certificate of the local township or above people's government or the competent department, and report to the county (including county, the same below) traffic authorities to conduct the examination of the opening business technical conditions;
2. The competent department of transportation shall, within 30 days, submit an audit opinion according to the needs of the society and its production capacity, business scope, technical and operating conditions, and issue the business license in accordance with the conditions;
3. The applicant shall apply to the administrative department for industry and commerce for registration with the business license of the competent department of transportation, and the administrative department for industry and commerce shall conduct a review in accordance with relevant regulations and issue a business license;
4. Temporary (less than three months) units and individuals engaged in commercial road transport (refers to units and individuals engaged in non-commercial transport temporarily transit to commercial transport), and issued a temporary operation permit with the approval of the competent transportation department at or above the county level. , you can operate.
Article 8 The road transport enterprises and individual transporters approved by the administrative department for industry and commerce and the units and individuals who temporarily participate in commercial road transport shall be issued by the competent department of transportation according to the number of registered operating vehicles, one vehicle and one license. , carry with the car, the country is popular.
Article 9 Units and individuals engaged in business transportation shall suspend their business to the competent department of communications and the administrative department for industry and commerce 30 days before the approval of the business license and business license.
Article 10 The road transport units and individuals that have commenced before the issuance of these Regulations shall, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 7 and 8, go to the competent department of transportation to complete the registration formalities.
Chapter III Administration of Cargo Transportation Article 11 Units engaged in commercial transportation shall have the autonomy to conduct independent business activities on the premise of accepting the guidance of the state plan and ensuring the completion of the mandatory transportation tasks.
Article 12 Non-commercial freight vehicles of enterprises and institutions are mainly for the production and living services of the unit; when there is more than enough capacity to participate in commercial transportation, they shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Article 7.
Article 13 For emergency transportation tasks such as emergency, disaster relief, war preparation and other emergency transportation tasks determined by the people's government at or above the county level, all transport units shall obey the unified dispatch and implement responsible transportation to ensure completion.
Article 14 The express transportation of key ports and stations approved by the people's government of the province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government, and the same government) shall be carried out by local traffic authorities and assisted by local government leaders and relevant departments. Coordinate and carry out reasonable transportation.
Article 15 In addition to the provisions of Articles 13 and 14 of these Regulations, the principle of who is entrusted and who is responsible for the carriage of goods shall be carried out. The shipper can choose the best shipping. No unit or individual can use any excuse to engage in regional or departmental blockades, monopolize the source of goods, bully the city, and rush to install strong transportation.
Article 16 The articles of the State and the People's Government that stipulate embargoed or restricted transportation must go through the examination and approval procedures in accordance with the regulations and be allowed to transport. The transportation of dangerous goods shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of the “Rules for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Highwayâ€.
Article 17 Both parties to the carriage of goods by road and consignment shall conclude a contract of carriage and carry out responsible transportation in accordance with the provisions of the Economic Contract Law of the People's Republic of China and the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Contract for the Carriage of Road Freight.
Article 18 The competent communications department shall actively guide and organize the various road transport enterprises to strengthen horizontal links, carry out reasonable transportation, and coordinate with each other in accordance with the principles of voluntariness, equality and mutual benefit to reduce air traffic and save energy.
Chapter IV Passenger Transport Management Article 19 The lines or areas in which all road transport enterprises and individual transporters operate passenger transport shall be reported to the competent traffic authorities at or above the county level for examination and approval according to the principle of hierarchical management.
Article 20 Passenger transportation (tourism) bus routes, stations, and shifts shall be arranged by the competent department of transportation. After the city's driving route and site setting, the main traffic department will study and determine with the relevant departments.
Article 21 The self-use passenger cars of enterprises and institutions shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 in order to operate road passenger transport.
Article 22 Vehicles engaged in road passenger transportation shall hold the operation line or regional sign on the right side of the vehicle and hang the fare list of the business scope in the vehicle.
Article 23 The passenger (tourism) shuttle bus line approved for operation shall not be suspended for a period of not less than three months without approval. It shall not arbitrarily reduce shifts, stops or change routes or areas.
Article 24 When road transport enterprises and individual transporters operate road passenger transport on the same line, they shall be scheduled to be scheduled according to their needs. No unit or individual can unfairly harass passengers or interfere with and interfere with the normal business activities of others.
Article 25 It is strictly forbidden to use tractors to operate road passenger transport. Http://news.chinawj.com.cn Submission:
Ball check valves are often very small, simple, and cheap. They are commonly used in liquid or gel minipump dispenser spigots, spray devices, some rubber bulbs for pumping air, etc., manual air pumps and some other pumps, and refillable dispensing syringes. Although the balls are most often made of metal, they can be made of other materials, or in some specialized cases out of artificial ruby. High pressure HPLC pumps and similar applications commonly use small inlet and outlet ball check valves with both balls and seats made of artificial ruby, for both hardness and chemical resistance. After prolonged use, such check valves can eventually wear out or the seat can develop a crack, requiring replacement. Therefore, such valves are made to be replaceable, sometimes placed in a small plastic body tightly-fitted inside a metal fitting which can withstand high pressure and which is screwed into the pump head.
There are similar check valves where the disc is not a ball, but some other shape, such as a poppet energized by a spring. Ball check valves should not be confused with Ball Valves, which is a different type of valve in which a ball acts as a controllable rotor to stop or direct flow.
A diaphragm check valve uses a flexing rubber diaphragm positioned to create a normally-closed valve. Pressure on the upstream side must be greater than the pressure on the downstream side by a certain amount, known as the pressure differential, for the check valve to open allowing flow. Once positive pressure stops, the diaphragm automatically flexes back to its original closed position.
A swing check valve or tilting disc check valve is check valve in which the disc, the movable part to block the flow, swings on a hinge or trunnion, either onto the seat to block reverse flow or off the seat to allow forward flow. The seat opening cross-section may be perpendicular to the centerline between the two ports or at an angle. Although swing check valves can come in various sizes, large check valves are often swing check valves. The flapper valve in a flush-toilet mechanism is an example of this type of valve. Tank pressure holding it closed is overcome by manual lift of the flapper. It then remains open until the tank Drains and the flapper falls due to gravity. Another variation of this mechanism is the clapper valve, used in applications such firefighting and fire life safety systems. A hinged gate only remains open in the inflowing direction. The clapper valve often also has a spring that keeps the gate shut when there is no forward pressure. Another example is the backwater valve (for sanitary drainage system) that protects against flooding caused by return flow of sewage waters. Such risk occurs most often in sanitary drainage systems connected to combined sewerage systems and in rainwater drainage systems. It may be caused by intense rainfall, thaw or flood.
A stop-check valve is a check valve with override control to stop flow regardless of flow direction or pressure. In addition to closing in response to backflow or insufficient forward pressure (normal check-valve behavior), it can also be deliberately shut by an external mechanism, thereby preventing any flow regardless of forward pressure.
A lift-check valve is a check valve in which the disc, sometimes called a lift, can be lifted up off its seat by higher pressure of inlet or upstream fluid to allow flow to the outlet or downstream side. A guide keeps motion of the disc on a vertical line, so the valve can later reseat properly. When the pressure is no longer higher, gravity or higher downstream pressure will cause the disc to lower onto its seat, shutting the valve to stop reverse flow.
An in-line check valve is a check valve similar to the lift check valve. However, this valve generally has a spring that will 'lift' when there is pressure on the upstream side of the valve. The pressure needed on the upstream side of the valve to overcome the spring tension is called the 'cracking pressure'. When the pressure going through the valve goes below the cracking pressure, the spring will close the valve to prevent back-flow in the process.
A duckbill valve is a check valve in which flow proceeds through a soft tube that protrudes into the downstream side. Back-pressure collapses this tube, cutting off flow.
A pneumatic non-return valve.
Multiple check valves can be connected in series. For example, a double check valve is often used as a backflow prevention device to keep potentially contaminated water from siphoning back into municipal water supply lines. There are also double ball check valves in which there are two ball/seat combinations sequentially in the same body to ensure positive leak-tight shutoff when blocking reverse flow; and piston check valves, wafer check valves, and ball-and-cone check valves.
Interim Regulations on Road Transport Management