The occurrence of rice pests and diseases in Fujian early season

Recently, Fujian Plant Protection Station released the report on the main pests and diseases of the province in the early season of 2017. According to the comprehensive analysis of rice planting situation, current pest and disease occurrence base, combined historical data and climatic conditions, it is expected this year. The rice pests and diseases in the season are biased, and the main pests are still three insects and two diseases, with an area of ​​about 17 million mu. Among them, the rice planthopper has a local risk in the early insertion of mid-season rice; the rice leaf roller and the rice stem borer are moderately localized; some of the susceptible varieties in the local rice area will have a tendency to occur. . Rice planthoppers are expected to occur in the double-season early rice, and the mid-season partial weight occurs locally. Among them, the double-season early rice has an area of ​​1 million mu; the medium-sized rice is expected to have an area of ​​4.2 million mu. The number of early and mid-season insects in the main insect sources in the province was less than that in the same period of last year, and the number of worms was dozens to hundreds. Rice planthoppers are expected to occur in most of southern China and in the southwestern part of the Yangtze River. The southwestern part of the country, the northeastern part of the Yangtze River, and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River occur moderately, close to normal. In addition, the climatic conditions are conducive to the migration of rice planthoppers into breeding. At present, the province has entered the rainy season, 8 days earlier than normal, 2 days earlier than last year. Summer rainfall is unevenly distributed, with more than 2 to 30% of the north-south coast, and the rest less than 20%. There are about 6 to 7 typhoons that landed or affected Fujian this year. Among them, 2 in July, 1 in 2 in August, 2 in September and 2 in the future, there may be 1 or 2 typhoons landing or seriously affecting the province. The rice leaf roller is expected to have moderate local weight, the double-season early rice has an area of ​​700,000 mu, and the medium-sized rice has an area of ​​2.5 million mu. Recently, small moths appeared in some counties, which was less than the same period last year. The first volume of the leaves in the west and south of Fujian Province was damaged. Most of the rice leaf roller mites migrated into the province with heavy rainfall in mid-June, and caused serious damage in the field in the middle and late. The mites are expected to occur in moderately localized areas, and the mites are mild and moderately occurring. The double-season early rice sorghum occurs in 800,000 mu times, the mid-season rice occurs in 1.8 million mu times, and the double-season early rice mites and mites occur in 150,000 mu times. 200,000 mu times occurred. The current field is higher than the same period last year. According to the surveys conducted by various monitoring points, the average rate of de-sanding of rice stem borer in the field is 1.8%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points over the same period of last year. The average dry rate of the three rows of alfalfa fields was 0.01%, and the average insect density was 4 heads, which was equivalent to the same period last year. Due to the complicated layout of rice planting in this province, the area of ​​double-season early rice is decreasing year by year, which is easy to cause concentration; early rice and early-season rice are seriously mixed, which is beneficial to the transformation of rice and alfalfa; the proportion of super rice, high-quality rice and ratoon rice is increasing year by year. The harm of the stem borer provides favorable food conditions. Double-season early rice blast is expected to occur in a lighter manner. The susceptible varieties in some areas are heavier, with an area of ​​450,000 mu, including 200,000 mu of spider mites and 250,000 mu of stalks. Medium ridge rice blast occurs moderately. The variety occurs heavily, with an area of ​​900,000 mu, including 400,000 mu of leaf axils and 500,000 mu of ear. Rice sheath blight is expected to occur heavily, with an area of ​​1 million mu in double-season early rice and 2.5 million mu in mid-season. According to the survey of various monitoring points, there are currently 45,000 mu, the average disease rate in the field is 2.4%, and the average disease rate is 1.2%, which is 100% more than the same period of last year. As the temperature rises, the precipitation increases, and the sheath blight enters the horizontal development stage. With the early rice closure, the sheath blight will shift from horizontal expansion to vertical disease stage, and the damage will gradually increase. In addition, rice virus disease such as rice black-streaked dwarf disease in southern China is expected to occur in double-season early rice, which is similar to that of the same period of last year; moderate to moderate partial weight occurs in mid-season rice. In recent years, the occurrence of rice false smut has been on the rise, and some susceptible varieties have recurrence. Rice blasts have obvious recovery in Sanming and Longyan old worm areas, and local occurrence is heavier; rice bacterial leaf streak and bacterial base rot Pests and rodents such as bacterial blight, rice stalk, and rodent pests will still cause some damage. (闵农)