CNC technology and equipment development trends and countermeasures (3)

1.4.2 About CNC standards

Numerical control standards are a trend in the development of information technology in manufacturing. The information exchange in the 50 years after the birth of CNC technology is based on the ISO6983 standard, that is, using G, M code to describe how to process, its essential feature is oriented to the processing process, obviously, he has become increasingly unable to meet the high speed of modern CNC technology. The need for development. To this end, a new CNC system standard ISO14649 (STEP-NC) is being researched and developed internationally. Its purpose is to provide a neutral mechanism that does not depend on a specific system and can describe a unified data model throughout the product life cycle. In order to achieve standardization of product information throughout the manufacturing process and even in various industrial fields.

The emergence of STEP-NC may be a revolution in the field of numerical control technology, which will have a profound impact on the development of numerical control technology and the entire manufacturing industry. First of all, STEP-NC proposes a new manufacturing concept. In the traditional manufacturing concept, NC machining programs are concentrated on a single computer. Under the new standard, NC programs can be scattered on the Internet, which is the direction of open and networked CNC technology. Secondly, the STEP-NC CNC system can also greatly reduce the processing drawings (about 75%), machining programming time (about 35%) and processing time (about 50%).

At present, European and American countries attach great importance to the research of STEP-NC, and Europe has initiated the IMS plan of STEP-NC (1999.1.1~2001.12.31). The program is attended by 20 CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC users, vendors and academic institutions from Europe and Japan. STEPTools, Inc., a developer of manufacturing data exchange software worldwide, has developed a supermodel (SuperModel) for information exchange in CNC machine tools with the goal of describing all processes with a uniform specification. This new data exchange format has been validated on prototypes equipped with SIEMENS, FIDIA and the European OSACA-NC control system.

2 Basic estimates of China's numerical control technology and its industrial development

China's numerical control technology started in 1958. The development process of the past 50 years can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage from 1958 to 1979, that is, the closed development stage. At this stage, due to the foreign technical blockade and the limitations of China's basic conditions, the development of numerical control technology is relatively slow. The second stage is in the "sixth five-year" and "seven-five" periods of the country and the early stage of the "eighth five-year plan", that is, the introduction of technology, digestion and absorption, and the initial establishment of the localization system. At this stage, due to the reform and opening up and the attention of the state, as well as the improvement of the research and development environment and the international environment, the research and development of CNC technology in China and the localization of products have made great progress. The third stage is the implementation of industrialization research and the stage of market competition during the period of the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" and the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period. At this stage, the industrialization of China's domestic CNC equipment has made substantial progress. At the end of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", the domestic market share of domestic CNC machine tools reached 50%, and the domestic CNC system (popular type) also reached 10%.

Throughout the development of China's numerical control technology in the past 50 years, especially after four five-year plans, the following results have been achieved.

a. laid the foundation for the development of numerical control technology, and basically mastered the modern numerical control technology. At present, China has basically mastered the basic technology from numerical control system, servo drive, numerical control host, special plane and its supporting parts. Most of the technologies have already been based on commercial development, and some technologies have been commercialized and industrialized.

b. Initially formed a numerical control industrial base. On the basis of the results of the research and the commercialization of some technologies, a CNC system production plant with batch production capacity such as Huazhong CNC and Aerospace Numerical Control has been established. Lanzhou Motor Factory, Huazhong CNC and other servo systems and servo motor production plants, as well as Beijing No. 1 Machine Tool Plant and Jinan No. 1 Machine Tool Plant. These production plants have basically formed China's CNC industry base.

c. Established a basic team of CNC research, development and management talents.

Although we have made great progress in the research and development and industrialization of numerical control technology, we must also clearly understand that the research and development of high-end CNC technology in China, especially the status quo of industrialization and the actual needs of China There is a big gap. Although China's development speed is very fast from a vertical perspective, the horizontal ratio (compared with foreign countries) not only has a gap in technology level, but also has a gap in development speed in some aspects, that is, the gap in the technical level of some high-precision CNC equipment has an increasing trend. From an international point of view, the estimation of China's numerical control technology level and industrialization level is roughly as follows.

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