Winter and spring bean vegetable fertilization technology

First, the characteristics of fertilizer   Bean crops grown in greenhouses mainly include kidney beans, cowpeas, and peas. Legume vegetables grown absorption of nitrogen, potassium, more, less phosphorus, but Phosphorus rhizobia and plant growth failure, leads to less reduction flowering pod, the pod less seed grain, reducing yield. Hi beans nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen long black root. Rhizobium is reduced, the leaves are uneven and will chlorotic. Beans and vegetables are more like potassium fertilizer, especially during the flowering and pod-forming period, the potassium absorption is sharply increased. During this period, attention should be paid to potassium supplementation. The activity of rhizobium of legumes is related to trace elements such as boron and molybdenum . When these elements are lacking, it will affect the normal metabolism of the plants.

Second, the main points of fertilization technology

1 , seedling fertilizer   The cultivation of bean and vegetable in greenhouses is mostly carried out by means of seedling transplanting. Seedling nutritive soil used to select 2 to 3 years without garden soil planted beans, chicken blend with 4 parts 4 parts garden soil and horse manure decomposition and decomposition of 2 parts, per 100 kg of nutritive soil Infiltrate 2 to 3 kg of superphosphate and 0.5 to 1 kg of potassium sulfate. Soil pH should be neutral or weakly acidic, and soil peracid will inhibit the activity of rhizobium. In acidic soils, lime can be administered proportionally acidity and, when applied to the soil for lime mix, the amount is not much, a large amount of volatile or likely to cause uneven mixing and ammonia burn seedlings, cause harm gas.

2 , base fertilizer   Beans, kidney beans, peas and other legumes are crops of the Chinese diet. Although there are nodules, the nitrogen fixation is weak. In the undeveloped seedling stage of Rhizobium, it is necessary to use the available nutrients in the base fertilizer to promote plant growth and development . Per acre with a general decomposition of organic fertilizer 5000 kg, calcium 20 to 35 kg, 100 kg ash, manganese sulfate, of 0.5 to 1 kg. The amount of dwarf beans can be reduced appropriately. Bean roots have higher requirements for soil oxygen. Application of unbleached chicken manure or other organic fertilizers will lead to an increase in soil reducing gas and a decrease in oxygen, causing premature aging of rotten seeds and roots, which has a great impact on yield. Therefore, the application of base fertilizer should pay attention to the selection of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and it is not appropriate to use excessive nitrogen fertilizer to make fertilizer.  

3 , top dressing   20 to 25 days after sowing, at the beginning legumes differentiation, if not Shizujifei Quefei exhibit symptoms should be dressing, dressing 20 per acre to 30% diluted livestock manure from about 1500 kg, It is also possible to add 4 to 5 kg of potassium sulfate per 1000 kg of diluted manure . Early effect of topdressing and yield increase is obvious, but applying too much nitrogen fertilizer during seedling period will make beans grow longer. Therefore, whether topdressing should be based on plant growth .  

In flowering pod of the largest fertilizer demand, trailing pod varieties of the main nutrients from the roots to absorb come, in part, stems from the transport in the past, but also a longer flowering pod stage. The nutrition of the dwarf varieties of beans in the pod-forming stage is higher than that of the roots. Therefore, the dwarf varieties need more fertilizer and more fertilization. Generally, dwarf beans are topdressed 2 to 3 times, and vines are topdressed 4 to 5 times. Each time, 3 to 5 kg of pure nitrogen ( 7 to 11 kg of urea ) is applied, and 5 to 7 kg of potassium oxide ( 10 to 15 kg of potassium sulfate ) is used. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer is halved, and the amount of potassium fertilizer can be halved. Do not apply. In winter and spring, the ground temperature is low. When applying fertilizer, it is necessary to mix a certain amount of high-quality humic acid or replace it with high-quality water to reduce the damage of the chemical fertilizer on the root.

3 , foliar top dressing   Spray 0.02~0.05% ammonium molybdate at the flowering stage .