Emergency Accident Emergency Awareness

First, road traffic accidents

Road traffic accidents refer to accidents caused by accidental or accidental personal injury or death of a vehicle.

Emergency points >>>

● In the event of a road traffic accident, do not be alarmed . To maintain calmness, use a phone or mobile phone to dial 122 traffic accidents ( 12122 for highway accidents ) and 120 emergency center calls.

● The time, location and general condition of the accident should be clearly stated when the police call . Before the arrival of the traffic police, the scene should be protected and the on-site items should not be moved . When the traffic accident causes casualties, the parties must not be in private with the vehicle. In case of exacerbation of the injury after the accident and endless troubles , when the vehicle is escaping, it is necessary to record the number of the license plate, the color and characteristics of the vehicle body, and promptly report it to the local public security agencies to provide evidence and clues for the detection work.

● When a motorized vehicle malfunctions or a traffic accident occurs on the freeway, a warning sign should be set 150 meters away from the vehicle in the direction of the failed vehicle . The on-board personnel should quickly transfer to the right shoulder or emergency lane and promptly report an alarm.

● In the event of traffic accident or personal injury, in the absence of assistance, the injured should be moved to safety as far as possible to avoid further injuries ; the exposed wounds should be covered with a clean cloth and then be bandaged to protect them. Good wounds ; use existing materials such as bandages, handkerchiefs, cloth strips wrapped around the wound, tightly tightened, can play a role in hemostasis.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Pedestrians should take pedestrian crossings, overpasses and underpasses, and they must not cross the double yellow lines. In the section without the above facilities, attention should be paid to observing the situation of the road vehicles, paying attention to avoiding the incoming vehicles, and passing under the condition of ensuring safety.

â—† When pedestrians cross the road, they cannot cross over and run. When you cross the road, you must look at the left and right to see if you are safe. Do not suddenly cross the road when the vehicle is approaching.

Second, the railway traffic accident

Railway traffic safety accidents refer to various accidents that occur during the operation of the railway, including railway accidents, road accidents and other operational accidents.

Emergency points >>>

● When a motor vehicle fails or falls in a railroad crossing, it should move the vehicle or the dropped object to a safe place 5 meters away from the outermost rail of the railway line . If it cannot move, it should immediately report to the guard at the railway crossing. Take measures to stop the train ; at unattended crossings, measures should be taken immediately at both ends of the crossing to stop the train and notify the nearest railway station to take emergency measures.

● When endangering train safety accidents from happening, should Looking to drive direction (the direction should not ascertain when both ends of the coming direction) from the accident site more than 800 meters, the red train signal (red flag during the day, at night is red; no Red signal can be used with red objects or both arms lifted head to swing sharply on both sides ) .

● When a passenger train has a fire, it should immediately stop when an explosion occurs, evacuation of passengers, rapid extinguishment, cut off the source of fire and explosion, set up protection, report rescue, rescue the wounded and protect the site.

● When dangerous goods tank leak or fire, immediately call 110 or 119 reports scene; against the wind

Directional evacuation ; measures should be taken to prevent the flow of dangerous goods into the river if conditions permit ; if combustible gas and flammable liquid

When the body leaks, it should quickly cut off the fire and prohibit all fires.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† When crossing gates ( barred gates ) are closed, an alarm occurs on the sounder, and when the red light is on or the guard indicates to stop traveling, it shall stop outside the stop line ; if there is no stop line, it will stop at the outermost track 5 Meters away.

â—† When you pass the unguarded crossing, you should stop and look and confirm before passing.

â—† When there are crossing signals When two red lights alternately flash or the red light is on, they are not allowed to pass. When the white light is on, they are allowed to pass . When the red light and white light are off at the same time, the safety is confirmed and passed.

â—† Do not walk on the railway line and sit down.

â—† No grazing should be allowed within 20 meters of the railway line or in the railway shelter forest.

Third, water traffic accidents

Water-traffic accidents refer to accidents involving ships and floating facilities in the oceans, coastal waters and inland navigational waters, including collision accidents, stranding accidents, accidents that touch rocks, touch-slip accidents, wave-loss accidents, fires, explosions, and wind-storm accidents. , Other traffic accidents that cause casualties and direct economic losses.

Emergency points >>>

● When the ship is in distress, keep calm and obey the command of the staff on board.

There are life jackets and life buoys on board , and they should be quickly put on and worn. No other floating objects can be used as life-saving appliances. Floating objects should be thrown into the water as much as possible, such as large foam, empty wooden boxes, cabin planks, and wooden stools.

● When there is a fire on the boat, use a wet towel or wet cotton fabric to cover your nose and mouth, escape the firework from the upper hand of the fire, and escape from the wind on the upwind side ( ie , facing the wind ) .

● If the vessel is sinking, do not spray water on the dumped side to prevent it from being pushed into the water by the hull and it is difficult to escape . If the tail of the hull sinks first, you should escape to the bow.

● Do not panic before diving to escape. Observe the conditions of the vessel and the surroundings. Avoid floating hard objects on the water.

● Wear life jackets to dive, to arms folded in front of the chest, pressure life jackets, jump to take a deep breath, cover your nose and mouth with your hands, eyes looking ahead, legs straight and straight, feet first into the water. Do not look down to prevent the body from being thrown into the water and hurt.

When you sink into the water and go down, you should keep calm, close your lips, clench your teeth and hold your breath. Don't struggle hard in the water. You should tilt your head and tilt your body. If you maintain this posture, you can slowly emerge from the water.

● After floating on the water, do not raise your hands on the surface of the water. Draw water under the surface of the water to keep the head on the water so that you can breathe air. If possible, take off your shoes and your body's weight, look for floats and hold firmly.

● not too far away from the accident vessel to (or shaken colorful shouting etc.) emits a distress signal to shore by various means, and the water itself regularly, swimming slowly towards the shore, try to swim ashore; water The stream is in a hurry. It should follow the water and swim to the downstream shore . If the river bends, it should swim in shallow water, and when the flow rate is slow, it should go ashore or wait for rescue.

● After the wooden ship is overturned, it will generally not sink. Once the person is thrown into the water, he should immediately grab the ship and try to climb to the bottom of the flipped ship and wait for assistance. Other non-wooden vessels will sink when they turn over, but sometimes they will float on the water because of the large amount of air in the cabin. At this time, do not overturn the ship. Try to keep it balanced and avoid running off the air. Try to catch the flipped ship to wait for the rescue.

● Wear a life jacket to maintain body temperature. The best posture is to bring both feet together and bend to the front of your chest. Hold your elbows close to your body and place them across your life jacket to expose your head to the water.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Use a lifebuoy : attach a rope to the lifebuoy, throw the lifebuoy to the drowning man and drag him to the side of the boat or on the shore. If the rope is not long enough or there is no long rope, the lifebuoy should be thrown to the drowning person first, ( in the case of obvious water flow, it should be thrown at the upstream of the drowning person ) , and then he jumps into the water and swims to the drowning person quickly to help him seize it. Lifebuoys are then dragged to the shore or the boat.

â—† Use bamboo rafts : When the drowning person is close to the boat ( or shore ) , he can use bamboo rafts to drag him closer to rescue.

â—† Use a rope : First, attach a clear float to one end of the rope, and then hold the other end of the rope in a hand. Then throw the rope in front of the drowning person so that the drowning person can grasp it and pull it back.

â—† Use wood : In the absence of other lifesaving equipment, you can throw the board to the drowning person. Under the premise of ensuring their own safety, they can also help the board to swim to the drowning person and towing it on board ( or ashore ) .

Fourth, civil aviation accidents

Civil aviation accidents refer to an emergency state in which civil aviation systems are located. In this state, people and equipment are at risk of injury or damage.

Emergency points >>>

● In case of decompression in the air, wear an oxygen mask immediately.

● When an aircraft lands in an emergency or landing, it should maintain its correct posture : bend over, hold your hands under your knees, place your head on your knees, and stretch your feet to the floor.

● Premonitions before the crash : bumpy fuselage ; drastic decline in aircraft ; smoke in the cabin ; black smoke on the outside of the fuselage ; engine roar ceases, the accompanying roar of the aircraft disappears ; a loud noise is emitted at high altitude ; dust is flying in the cabin Wait.

● When smoke is present in the cabin, be sure to bend your head to the lowest possible position. Hold your breath drink wet with a towel or a handkerchief to cover your mouth. Breathe your nose before breathing, bend over or crawl to the exit.

● If the aircraft crashes over the ocean, wear a life jacket immediately.

● At the instant that the plane crashes into the ground, it is necessary to unfasten the seatbelt quickly and flee towards the bright light outside.

● When an emergency landing of the aircraft is forced to land, under the condition that the crew and equipment are basically intact, follow the command of the staff and quickly and orderly slide from the emergency exit to the ground.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Do not use a mobile phone on the plane.

â—† After boarding the flight, be familiar with the safety exits on the aircraft, listen to and read the relevant aviation safety knowledge, and consult the flight attendants in a timely manner if it is not clear.

â—† When the plane takes off, it must be fastened when landing. During the flight, the safety belt should be fastened as required.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.